Liquid-liquid extraction using combined hydrophilic-hydrophobic emulsion templated macroporous polymer micromixer-settlers

Barkan-Öztürk, Hande; Delorme, Joanna; Menner, Angelika; Bismarck, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2022.109153

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The stiffer but more brittle behavior of P8′ as compared to P8 was noticed already during drying, causing breaking of a number of P8′ specimens (Figure S15). The higher elastic moduli of our poly(HEMA- co -MBAm)HIPEs, P8 and P8′, as compared to the ones reported in the literature , could likely be due to the much lower macrosurfactant amount used to stabilize our emulsion templates, providing a viscoelastic film and, thus, reduced the plasticizing effect caused by any remaining small molecule surfactant in the resulting polyHIPEs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Previously, it was demonstrated that the unique features of emulsion templating for the synthesis of porous polymers are the wide range of co/monomer systems , that can be used in emulsion templates and the control exerted over the emulsion structure, which after polymerization results in polyH/MIPEs with controllable porosity, pore size, surface area, degree of interconnectivity, and mechanical properties . The open porous nature of polyH/MIPEs facilitates efficient fluid transport through their monolithic structure. , Hydrogel-based polyH/MIPEs exhibit considerable water retention and sorption capabilities, and when combined with high porosity and pore interconnectivity, the polyH/MIPEs are valuable for diverse applicationsranging from tissue engineering − to adsorbers . However, large amounts of relatively expensive surfactants are required to form stable water/oil (w/o), , oil/water (o/w), , and oil/oil (o/o) emulsion templates, , which are required to successfully synthesize polyHIPEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 The open porous nature of polyH/MIPEs facilitates efficient fluid transport through their monolithic structure. 11,12 Hydrogel-based polyH/MIPEs 13 exhibit considerable water retention and sorption capabilities, 14 and when combined with high porosity and pore interconnectivity, the polyH/MIPEs are valuable for diverse applications�ranging from tissue engineering 15−17 to adsorbers. 18 However, large amounts of relatively expensive surfactants are required to form stable water/oil (w/o), 19,20 oil/water (o/w), 13,21 and oil/oil (o/o) emulsion templates, 22,23 which are required to successfully synthesize polyHIPEs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(acrylamide-co-styrene): A Macrosurfactant for Oil/Water Emulsion Templating toward Robust Macroporous Hydrogels

et al. 2023

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Large amounts of relatively expensive small-molecule surfactants, between 6 and 25%, are typically required for the formulation of oil/water high or medium internal phase emulsion (H/MIPE) templates. We synthesized an amphiphilic “macrosurfactant” copolymer poly(acrylamide-co-styrene) via micellar polymerization. As-synthesized poly(acrylamide-co-styrene) still associated with 0.01 wt % cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) can be used to produce stable toluene or cyclohexane-in-water H/MIPEs already at concentrations of 0.1 wt %. Emulsion templates containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAm) in the aqueous continuous phase can be polymerized to produce macroporous poly(HEMA-co-MBAm)M/HIPEs. Our poly(HEMA-co-MBAm)M/HIPEs synthesized in templates stabilized with much lower emulsifier content were mechanically more robust, in dry and swollen state, as compared with poly(HEMA-co-MBAm)HIPEs reported in the literature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(acrylamide-co-styrene): A Macrosurfactant for Oil/Water Emulsion Templating toward Robust Macroporous Hydrogels

et al. 2023

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“…One good example is the use of asymmetric polymer membranes, e.g., produced by solvent-induced phase separation, for liquid–liquid separation . Using macroporous polymers as micromixers for continuous chemical reaction, mixing and emulsification has been reported; , we anticipate that macroporous polymers with gradient pore structures may be superior to the mixers with a homogeneous pore structure when the physical properties, such as viscosity, of the reagents change along these processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionally Gradient Macroporous Polymers: Emulsion Templating Offers Control over Density, Pore Morphology, and Composition

Xu,

Tang,

Nok-iangthong

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Gradient macroporous polymers were produced by polymerization of emulsion templates comprising a continuous monomer phase and an internal aqueous template phase. To produce macroporous polymers with gradient composition, pore size, and foam density, we varied the template formulation, droplet size, and internal phase ratio of emulsion templates continuously and stacked those prior to polymerization. Using the outlined approach, it is possible to vary one property along the resulting macroporous polymer while retaining the other properties. The elastic moduli and crush strengths change along the gradient of the macroporous polymers; their mechanical properties are dominated by those of the weakest layers in the gradient. Macroporous polymers with gradient chemical composition and thus stiffness provide both high impact load and energy adsorption, rendering the gradient foam suitable for impact protective applications. We show that dual-dispensing and simultaneous blending of two different emulsion formulations in various ratios results in a fine, bidirectional change of the template composition, enabling the production of true gradient macroporous polymers with a high degree of design freedom.

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“…Macroporous poly(High Internal Phase Emulsion) (polyHIPE) foams offer the advantages of permeable monolith structures in many fields in which transfer phenomena are important [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. PolyHIPEs can serves as supports in adsorption processes [ 5 , 6 ], catalysis [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], tissue engineering [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], storage of gases [ 13 ] and solvents [ 14 ], thermal energy storage [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], and in the preparation of the electrode material of supercapacitors [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Macroporous PolyDCPD Composites from Surface-Modified Calcite-Stabilized High Internal Phase Emulsions

et al. 2023

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High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs) of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) were prepared using mixtures of surface-modified calcite (mCalcite) and a non-ionic surfactant. Twelve different emulsion formulations were created using an experimental design methodology. Three distinctive levels of the internal phase ratio, the amount of mCalcite loading, and the surfactant were used to prepare the HIPEs. Accordingly, macroporous polyDCPD composites were synthesized by performing ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) on the HIPEs. The variations in the morphological and physical properties of the composites were investigated in terms of experimental parameters. In the end, five different model equations were derived with a confidence level of 95%. The main and binary interaction effects of the experimental parameters on the responses, such as the average cavity size, interconnecting pore size, specific surface area, foam density, and compression modulus, were demonstrated. The synergistic interaction between the amount of surfactant, the amount of mCalcite loading, and the internal phase ratio appeared to have a dominant role in the average cavity diameter. The solo effect of the internal phase ratio on the interconnecting pore size, foam density, and compression modulus was confirmed. In addition, it was demonstrated that the specific surface area of the composites was mainly changed depending on the amount of mCalcite loading.

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Liquid-liquid extraction using combined hydrophilic-hydrophobic emulsion templated macroporous polymer micromixer-settlers

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Poly(acrylamide-co-styrene): A Macrosurfactant for Oil/Water Emulsion Templating toward Robust Macroporous Hydrogels

Poly(acrylamide-co-styrene): A Macrosurfactant for Oil/Water Emulsion Templating toward Robust Macroporous Hydrogels

Functionally Gradient Macroporous Polymers: Emulsion Templating Offers Control over Density, Pore Morphology, and Composition

Hierarchical Macroporous PolyDCPD Composites from Surface-Modified Calcite-Stabilized High Internal Phase Emulsions

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