Liquid–Liquid Equilibria in Ternary Systems of Hexafluoroisopropanol + Perfluorocarbon + Water or Methanol at 298.15 K

Abstract

Liquid–liquid equilibrium data for ternary systems hexafluoroisopropanol + perfluorocarbon (namely perfluoro­(n-hexane) or perfluoro­(methylcyclohexane)) + water or methanol were determined at 298.15 K. Water, methanol, and other polar solvents exhibit very low miscibility with perfluorocarbons. In contrast, hexafluoroisopropanol is fully miscible with water, methanol, and perfluorocarbons. Consequently, the determined ternary liquid–liquid equilibrium diagrams possess only one heterogeneous binary subsystem. They are of the type 1. Due to specific properties of perfluorocarbons, a special procedure for determination of the liquid–liquid equilibrium in the studied systems was developed. The ternary liquid–liquid equilibrium diagrams were found to be almost identical for perfluoro­(n-hexane) and perfluoro­(methylcyclohexane) showing that the structure of perfluorocarbon component has minimal influence on the miscibility behavior.

Equations of State for the Thermodynamic Properties of n-Perfluorobutane, n-Perfluoropentane, and n-Perfluorohexane

“…Most of the πρΤ experimental data deviate by less than 0.9 %. Therefore, the uncertainty in density of the equation of state for n -perfluoropentane is estimated to be 0.9 % at temperatures between 330 K and 500 K. Figure 15 64 consist of only a few data points at a pressure of 0.1 MPa, and do not agree well with the dataset of Piñeiro et al . 63 Figure 16 shows that the deviations of most πρΤ experimental data are located within ±0.15 %, so the uncertainty in density of the equation of state for n -perfluorohexane is estimated to be 0.2 % at temperatures between 280 K and 315 K. Figures 17 and 18 exhibit comparisons of the second virial coefficients and third virial coefficients calculated with the equation of state for n -perfluorohexane to experimental data.…”

Fluorocarbon Nanodroplets: Their Formation and Stability in Complex Solution Systems

“…PFH NDs were prepared in various solutions using the solvent exchange method, a technique detailed previously in literature. − PFC exhibits low solubility in alcohol at room temperature (25 °C), approximately 2%, but its solubility can be significantly increased through heating, , thereby rendering it an “optimal solvent”. To prevent evaporation and ensure complete dissolution, initially, 5.0 μL of PFH was fully dissolved in 1.0 mL of propanol at a temperature of 50 °C, given that the boiling point of PFH is 57 °C.…”

Equations of State for the Thermodynamic Properties of n-Perfluorobutane, n-Perfluoropentane, and n-Perfluorohexane

“…There are three pρT data sets from Dunlap et al , 0.45%, Piñeiro et al , 0.045%, and Strejc et al , 0.45%. The data sets of Dunlap et al and Strejc et al consist of only a few data points at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and do not agree well with the data set of Piñeiro et al Figure shows that the deviations of most pρT experimental data are located within ±0.15%, so the uncertainty in density of the equation of state for n -perfluorohexane is estimated to be 0.2% at temperatures between 280 and 315 K. Figures and exhibit comparisons of the second virial coefficients and third virial coefficients calculated with the equation of state for n -perfluorohexane to experimental data. The reported data for the second virial coefficients are very scattered, and there is only one data set for the third virial coefficients.…”

“…Most of the pρT experimental data deviate by less than 0.9%. Therefore, the uncertainty in density of the equation of state for n-perfluoropentane is estimated to be 0.9% at temperatures between 330 and 500 K. 61 consist of only a few data points at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and do not agree well with the data set of Pinẽiro et al 60 Figure 16 shows that the deviations of most pρT experimental data are located within ±0.15%, so the uncertainty in density of the equation of state for n-perfluorohexane is estimated to be 0.2% at temperatures between 280 and 315 K. Figures 17 and 18 exhibit comparisons of the second virial coefficients and third virial coefficients calculated with the equation of state for n-perfluorohexane to experimental data. The reported data for the second virial coefficients are very scattered, and there is only one data set for the third virial coefficients.…”