Liquid–liquid equilibria for the system (water+carboxylic acid+chloroform): Thermodynamic modeling

Thermodynamic study of the partitioning of methyl and propyl parabens in some organic solvent/buffer systems

“…The K m o=w values were calculated by using the equation 1 and then converted to K x o=w by using the equation 3 employing the following molar masses: 99.47 g Á mol À1 for water-saturated ROH (mole fraction of water = 0.2740 [23]); 263.72 g Á mol À1 for water-saturated IPM (mole fraction of water as determined by the Karl-Fischer method = 0.0266 [24]); 118.45 g Á mol À1 for water-saturated CLF (mole fraction of water = 9.20 Á 10 À3 [25]); 84.16 g Á mol À1 for water-saturated CH; 18.17 g Á mol À1 for (ROH, IPM or CH) organic solvents-saturated buffers; and 18.28 g Á mol À1 for CLF-saturated buffer (mole fraction of chloroform = 1.10 Á 10 À3 [25]). …”

(Liquid+liquid) equilibria of aqueous solutions of butyric acid with n-heptane and toluene at T=(298.2, 308.2, and 318.2)K

“…Precise LLE data of the mixtures consisting of water, carboxylic acid and solvents are always needed for efficient separation operations. Due to their industrial importance, significant studies have been carried out on the solubility and LLE behavior of carboxylic acids in various ternary systems by many researchers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Phase diagrams for the aqueous solutions of butyric acid with cyclohexane at different temperatures: Experimental and correlated data

“…Liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) investigations for ternary aqueous mixtures of carboxylic acids with organic solvents are important in the evaluation of industrial units for solvent extraction processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The accurate interpretation of phase equilibria for the different ternary mixtures is a fundamental and important key to improving solvent extraction techniques.…”