Liquid Hydrogen as Fuel

Peschka, W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-9126-2_6

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hydrogen fuel is recognized as the cleanest form of energy with high yield (∼122 kJ/mol) upon combustion. , On the other hand, sunlight is the most abundant source of renewable energy that can be converted and stored in the form of environmental friendly hydrogen using photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. , Achieving high solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency is a great challenge due to the limited choice of photoelectrode’s materials. Of the III-nitrides, mainly GaN showed great promise as a photoelectrode (PE) material due to its suitable band alignments with the redox potential of water and easily tunable band gap covering the entire visible solar spectrum by alloying (In x Ga 1– x N). − However, relatively large band gap (∼3.2 eV) of GaN constrains the absorption of the visible spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Ghosh

Devi

Kumar

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has been considered as the future technology for storing solar energy in the chemical bonds. However, due to the search of ideal heterostructured materials for photoanode/cathode, the full potential of this technology has not been realized yet. Herein we present, the nanotextured hexagonal microwell of p-GaN [p-GaN(Et)] synthesized via wet chemical etching route as a photocathode (PC) for PEC water splitting. The p-GaN(Et) was further modified by interconnected nanowall network of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (MoS2) [2D-MoS2/p-GaN(Et)]. Both PCs were characterized for their morphology, structures, and optical and electronic properties. The overall PEC performance was validated through photocurrent values followed by the amount of hydrogen and oxygen evolution. This combination of 2D-MoS2/p-GaN(Et) outplayed pristine p-GaN(Et) by several orders of magnitude in overall PEC performance. The extraordinary stability under a continuous operating condition with 1 sun illumination (100 mW/cm2) provides the much-needed flavor of an efficient photocathode. The optimized photocathode [2D-MoS2/p-GaN(Et)] shows the highest applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiency of ∼3.18% with hydrogen evolution rate of 89.56 μmol/h at −0.3 V vs RHE. This wafer-level cost-effective synthesis of 2D-MoS2/GaN heterostructure based PCs opens a new way for large-scale solar–fuel conversion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Ghosh

Devi

Kumar

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Therefore, hydrogen is also considered as a kind of “green” and sustainable energy. Besides, hydrogen gas is a kind of efficient reductant for some unsaturated chemicals, − as well as liquid hydrogen that acts as a combustion propellant for partial aircrafts . That is to say, hydrogen gas plays a vital role in modern industry and daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Hydrogen Generation from the NaBH₄ Hydrolysis by Cobalt-Based Catalysts: Positive Roles of Sulfur-Containing Salts

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Development of a simple and efficient strategy for improving the catalytic activity of cobalt-based catalysts toward hydrogen evolution from sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) is paramount but remains challenging. Here, we reported a facile and efficient approach to tune the catalytic performance for NaBH 4 hydrolysis with Co-based catalysts prepared by using cobalt sulfate as a precursor or a mixture of sulfur-containing sodium salts/cobalt salts as a raw material. With the use of cobalt sulfate as the precursor, the CoSO 4 -doped Co 3 O 4 sample was formed and it exhibited excellent activity with the generation of ∼500 mL of hydrogen gas from NaBH 4 hydrolysis under mild conditions. In terms of sulfur-free cobalt salts (e.g., cobalt chloride, cobalt nitrate, and cobalt acetate) as precursors, the obtained Co-based samples were found to be entirely ineffective for hydrogen production. Interestingly, during the cobalt-based catalyst preparation, the introduction of sodium sulfate or sodium sulfide can considerably accelerate hydrogen production. On the contrary, adding sulfur-bearing salts did not inspire any activity improvement only during the hydrogen generation reaction. Control experiments indicate that during catalyst preparation, the presence of Na 2 SO 4 and Na 2 S is beneficial for the in situ transformation of Co 3 O 4 into catalytically active Co−B alloys, accompanying a positive change in surface morphology during the NaBH 4 hydrolysis, thereby inducing an excellent hydrogen generation rate of up to 4425 mL•min −1 •g cat −1

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“…Hydrogen is considered as a clean and sustainable form of energy for the future. , The importance of hydrogen as a fuel arises due to the high yield of energy emanated upon combustion (122 kJ/mol), which far exceeds that of gasoline or any other form of fossil fuel. , This process is environmentally benign, and it does not produce any harmful byproducts . At present, the process of hydrogen generation involves CO 2 production. , Therefore, searching for viable alternatives excluding the production of any greenhouse gases is the key element.…”

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confidence: 99%

2D Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

et al. 2019

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The photocatalytic water splitting technique is a promising alternative to produce hydrogen using a facile and proficient method. In the current Review, recent progress made in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using 2D nanomaterials (NMs) and composite heterostructures is described. The strong in-plane chemical bonds along with weak van der Waals interaction make these materials lucrative for surface-related applications. State-of-the-art protocols designed for the synthesis of 2D NMs is discussed in detail. The Review illustrates density functional theory (DFT)-based studies against the new set of 2D NMs, which also highlights the importance of structural defects and doping in the electronic structure. Additionally, the Review describes the influence of electronic, structural, and surface manipulation strategies. These impact the electronic structures, intrinsic conductivity, and finally output toward HER. Moreover, this Review also provides a fresh perspective on the prospects and challenges existing behind the application and fabrication strategies.

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Liquid Hydrogen as Fuel

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Efficient Hydrogen Generation from the NaBH₄ Hydrolysis by Cobalt-Based Catalysts: Positive Roles of Sulfur-Containing Salts

2D Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

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Liquid Hydrogen as Fuel

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS2 for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS2 for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Efficient Hydrogen Generation from the NaBH4 Hydrolysis by Cobalt-Based Catalysts: Positive Roles of Sulfur-Containing Salts

2D Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

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Product

Resources

About

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Modified p-GaN Microwells with Vertically Aligned 2D-MoS₂ for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Efficient Hydrogen Generation from the NaBH₄ Hydrolysis by Cobalt-Based Catalysts: Positive Roles of Sulfur-Containing Salts