Liquid crystalline matrix polymers for aramid ballistic composites

Ruijter, C. De; Zwaag, Sybrand van der; Stolze, Robert G.; Dingemans, TJ

doi:10.1002/pc.20835

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In support of the role played by the matrix shear strength on ballistic performance, Karthikeyan et al [1] demonstrated that uncured CFRP laminate has a higher ballistic limit than that of the fully cured CFRP laminate. A strong dependence of ballistic limit on matrix properties is also deduced from the tests of de Ruijter et al [23] on an aramid-based composite, although the penetration mechanism was not determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Perforation resistance of CFRP beams to quasi-static and ballistic loading: The role of matrix strength

Kandasamy

Deshpande

et al. 2017

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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The effect of matrix shear strength on the ballistic response of simply-supported carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) beams was explored for a flat-ended projectile. To gain insight into the deformation and failure mechanisms, the following additional tests were performed on CFRP beams: (i) quasi-static indentation tests with rigid back support and, (ii) quasi-static cropping tests. In all 3 types of tests, CFRP [0 / 90 ]  cross-ply laminates were tested in six states of cure, such that the matrix shear strength ranges from 0.1 MPa to 100 MPa. In the quasi-static cropping tests, the composite beams failed by shear plugging (involving transverse matrix cracks, ply delamination, and fibre fracture). In contrast, indirect tension (by ply tensile failure in the fibre direction) occurred in the back-supported quasi-static indentation tests. In the ballistic tests, the CFRP beams of high matrix shear strength (30 MPa to 100 MPa) failed by a shear plugging mode. When the matrix shear strength was less than 30 MPa, the failure mode and the penetration velocity doubled and occurred by indirect tension. The optimal shear strength to give adequate static and ballistic strength is on the order of 20 MPa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The shear plugging mechanism occurs when / [23]. They observed that the penetration velocity of these aramid laminates was independent of the matrix modulus within the range of 0.01 GPa to 1 GPa, whereas the penetration velocity decreased along with the matrix modulus in the range of 1 GPa to 10 GPa.…”

Section: Ballistic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perforation resistance of CFRP beams to quasi-static and ballistic loading: The role of matrix strength

Kandasamy

Deshpande

et al. 2017

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…De Ruijter et al 10 investigated the effect of matrix modulus on the impact resistance of woven Twaron laminates. The investigation was carried out on a 10-ply laminate of 3 mm thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation on the role of out-of-plane fiber direction on impact resistance of composite target

Ramagiri

Yerramalli

2023

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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In high-velocity projectile impacts, the contact duration is very short and the response of the target is governed by the local behavior of the material in the impact zone. On impact, a compressive stress wave is generated in the target, which travels in the thickness direction. This compressive stress wave plays a significant role in the failure of thick composite targets. In conventional laminates, the out-of-plane (transverse) compressive strength of composite resists the generated compressive stress wave which is not efficient since out-of-plane compressive strength is significantly lower than the fiber direction strength value. In the current numerical study, a non-conventional approach has been adopted by orienting the fibers in the impact direction to utilize the high compressive strength in the fiber direction to resist the projectile impact. In this regard, unidirectional composite rod segments are considered with fiber aligned in the projectile impact direction. The resulting effect on the impact energy absorption and the overall mechanical impact response is numerically studied and compared with conventional woven fabric laminates. Several configurations of these unidirectional fiber rod segments and the role of lateral confinement are also studied to understand their effect on the impact energy absorption. The numerical simulation results indicate an advantage for the proposed arrangement of composite (segments) rods with fiber in impact direction over the conventional woven fabric laminates.

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“…In addition, the enhancement of fibre/matrix bonding strength reduces ballistic impact resistance of fibre composites. Ruijter et al [8] analysed the effect of matrix stiffness, at the range of 10 -4 to 4 GPa, on the ballistic impact protection of Twaron ® fabric composites via a series of experimental measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic response of hybrid carbon fibre laminate beams under ballistic impact

Zhang

Liu

2019

Composite Structures

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This novel hybrid fibre composites combining stiff composites with soft composites are developed to improve the ballistic impact resistance of composite beams while maintaining good quasi-static loading bearing capacity. The ballistic impact performance of the hybrid beams have been investigated experimentally at a projectile velocity range of 11 0 50 ms 300 ms v  , including ballistic limits, failure modes, energy absorption capacity and the interaction between stiff and soft composite parts. For each type of monolithic beams, i.e. stiff, soft and hybrid monolithic beams, three categories of failure modes have been identified: minor damage with rebound of projectile at the low impact velocities, fracture of beam at the medium impact velocities and perforation of beam at the high impact velocities.The critical velocity of hybrid monolithic beam was similar to that of the soft monolithic beam under the same failure mode, and higher than that of the stiff monolithic beam. For the sandwich beams with stiff, soft and hybrid face sheets, the failure modes were similar to those of the monolithic beams. Among the monolithic beams, the hybrid and soft monolithic beams exhibited better energy absorption capacity than the stiff monolithic beams. As for the sandwich beams, the hybrid-face sandwich beams absorbed more kinetic energy of projectile 2 than the soft-face sandwich beams at higher projectile velocity. The advantages of the stiff/soft hybrid construction include: (i) at lower impact velocity, the soft composite part survived with negligible damage under impact; (ii) due to the buffer effect of the soft part at the front face, stress distribution within the stiff part of the hybrid monolithic beams is more uniform than that of the stiff monolithic beams.

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Liquid crystalline matrix polymers for aramid ballistic composites

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Perforation resistance of CFRP beams to quasi-static and ballistic loading: The role of matrix strength

Perforation resistance of CFRP beams to quasi-static and ballistic loading: The role of matrix strength

Numerical investigation on the role of out-of-plane fiber direction on impact resistance of composite target

Dynamic response of hybrid carbon fibre laminate beams under ballistic impact

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