Liquid crystal programmable metasurface for terahertz beam steering

Wu, Jingbo; Shen, Ze Xiang; Ge, Shi‐Jun; Chen, Benwen; Shen, Zhixiong; Wang, Taofeng; Zhang, Caihong; Hu, Wei; Fan, Kebin; Padilla, Willie J.; Lu, Yanqing; Jin, Biaobing; Chen, Jian; Wu, Peiheng

doi:10.1063/1.5144858

Cited by 210 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently, THz beam was manipulated by programmable LC background metasurfaces, as shown in Figure 9B. In this article, the "0" and "1" encoding technology was used to switch the state of different arrays to redirect the LC molecules in it, thereby changing the refractive index of different regions, and finally realize the dynamic manipulation of the THz wave, and its maximum deflection angle reached 31.2% [159]. Similarly, a digital metasurface device for light projection display was demonstrated with each pixel is electrically reconfigurable [82].…”

Section: Metasurface In Fluid-backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metasurface: From Principle to Smart Metadevices

et al. 2021

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Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metallic/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and magnetic fields of the incident electromagnetic waves, exhibiting unprecedented properties which are most typical within the context of the electromagnetic domain. However, the practical application of metamaterials is found challenging due to the high losses, strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses, and the difficulty in the fabrication of nanoscale 3D structures. The optical metasurface is termed as 2D metamaterials that inherent all of the properties of metamaterials and also provide a solution to the limitation of the conventional metamaterials. Over the past few years, metasurfaces; have been employed for the design and fabrication of optical elements and systems with abilities that surpass the performance of conventional diffractive optical elements. Metasurfaces can be fabricated using standard lithography and nanoimprinting methods, which is easier campared to the fabrication of the counterpart 3 days metamaterials. In this review article, the progress of the research on metasurfaces is illustrated. Concepts of anomalous reflection and refraction, applications of metasurfaces with the Pancharatanm-Berry Phase, and Huygens metasurface are discussed. The development of soft metasurface opens up a new dimension of application zone in conformal or wearable photonics. The progress of soft metasurface has also been discussed in this review. Meta-devices that are being developed with the principle of the shaping of wavefronts are elucidated in this review. Furthermore, it has been established that properties of novel optical metasurface can be modulated by the change in mechanical, electrical, or optical stimuli which leads to the development of dynamic metasurface. Research thrusts over the area of tunable metasurface has been reviewed in this article. Over the recent year, it has been found that optical fibers and metasurface are coagulated for the development of optical devices with the advantages of both domains. The metasurface with lab-on fiber-based devices is being discussed in this review paper. Finally, research trends, challenges, and future scope of the work are summarized in the conclusion part of the article.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

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Section: Metasurface In Fluid-backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metasurface: From Principle to Smart Metadevices

et al. 2021

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“…To overcome such losses the researchers have proposed mechanism of shifting the phase before the frequency being converted to THz. This technique requires the development of spatial phase modulators, constructed using liquid crystals and graphene [95]. Moreover, some of the techniques being used in microwave and mm-Wave based phased array technologies are still applicable in THz range as well, which includes lens antennas, multibeam switching mechanism, mechanical scanning, pattern reconfigurable antennas, etc.…”

Section: Design Challenges For Phased Array Thz-antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Selection and Designing for THz Applications: Suitability and Performance Evaluation: A Survey

et al. 2020

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Imperceptible latency, uninterrupted communication, and the availability of inexhaustible bandwidth are conceptualized as essential milestones to revolutionize the modes by which societies generated, circulate, receive, and perceive information. The exponential increase in wireless data traffic has raised concerns to investigate suitable bands in the radio spectrum to satisfy the intensifying user's data rate requirements. Overall the wireless infrastructure needs development and exploitation to synchronize with the massive capacity and connectivity demands. The Terahertz (THz) frequency band (0.1-10 THz) is considered as a pivotal solution to fulfill the needs of applications and devices requiring the high speed transmission, and have received noticeable attention from the research community. Technologies in this spectrum are facing rapid development and hold high potentials in applications like ultra-fast short-range wireless communications, remote sensing, biological detection, and basic material research. The antenna is one of the critical components to support the THz systems and require a considerable attention in terms of precision. Compact high-gain antennas are desirable for low latency and high data rate THz wireless communication systems, specifically for applications having space limitation, for example, in the high speed interlink inside the high density wireless communication base station (BS). Nevertheless, there still exist many challenges, while designing the antenna for THz communications requiring innovative solutions. This paper serves an introductory guideline to address the challenges and opportunities, while designing a THz enabled antenna.

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“…However, theoretical analyses and simulations are not enough; only through practical measurements can terahertz programmable metasurface be proven with authenticity and practicability. To date, some experimental demonstrations have been presented and discussed [119][120][121][122][123][124].…”

Section: Programmable Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metasurface can transmit abundant and multiplexed information in a real-time manner, which provides potentials in increasing communication capacities. Apart from logical operations, terahertz programmable metasurfaces have also been employed to realize other functions, such as anisotropic switching and beam steering [122][123][124]. For instance, Pitchappa et al proposed a type of metasurface structure with particular capability in switching terahertz anisotropy [122].…”

Section: Programmable Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terahertz Metasurfaces: Toward Multifunctional and Programmable Wave Manipulation

et al. 2020

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Metasurfaces, composed of prearranged artificial unit cells possessing different electromagnetic (EM) responses, provide unprecedented abilities to realize versatile wave manipulations. Especially in the terahertz spectrum, metasurfaces attract broad attention by opening up further possibilities for wave regulating. Terahertz applications in various fields, for instance, spatial light modulation (SLM), radar, imaging, time-domain spectroscopy (TDS), and high-speed communication, have been facilitated and improved. In this article, we first give a simple review on recent advances on terahertz metasurfaces, including discussion of passive metasurfaces with fixed structures and active metasurfaces integrated with tunable components. Then, we briefly review the development of coding metasurfaces and programmable metasurfaces represented by digitized bits. We mainly focus on some powerful functions, functional multiplexing, and real-time controlled applications in terahertz frequencies. Finally, we give an abbreviated overview of developing terahertz multifunctional metasurfaces and programmable metasurfaces.

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Liquid crystal programmable metasurface for terahertz beam steering

Cited by 210 publications

References 43 publications

A Review on Metasurface: From Principle to Smart Metadevices

A Review on Metasurface: From Principle to Smart Metadevices

Antenna Selection and Designing for THz Applications: Suitability and Performance Evaluation: A Survey

Terahertz Metasurfaces: Toward Multifunctional and Programmable Wave Manipulation

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