Liquid-crystal phase grating based on in-plane switching

Fujieda, Ichiro

doi:10.1364/ao.40.006252

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A simulation tool called LCD Master (Shintech Ltd., Japan) has been used by several groups to simulate the director profile under two-dimensional electric fields in LC phase gratings [1,6,11]. A finite-element algorithm is used in the program to calculate the director distribution through minimizing the LC free energy in the Frank-Oseen model [12].…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid-crystal (LC) phase grating based devices have been reported for a variety of applications including projection displays, beam steering, beam slitting, beam filtering, optical switching and interconnects [1][2][3][4][5]. Binary LC phase gratings were extensively studied for its great capability in beam deflecting as well as its compactness and low cost fabrication [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three major types of binary LC phase gratings. The simplest and most widely used one among them consists a continuous ground plane or a dielectric layer, a sandwiched nematic LC layer and a counter-plane which is periodically patterned with striped electrodes [1,6,7]. Two basic working mechanisms are illustrated in Fig1 (a) and (b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-spatial-frequency liquid crystal phase gratings with double-sided striped electrodes

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2005

SPIE Proceedings

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High diffraction efficiency and large diffraction angle are two major concerns in designing a liquid crystal (LC) phase grating for its applications in beam diffractive devices. Highspatial-frequency grating is capable of providing a large diffraction angle. However, fringingfield effect becomes more severe when the grating pitch size decreases, which imposes a limitation on the phase modulation depth and the diffraction efficiency of the LC grating. In this paper, a novel LC grating with striped electrodes patterned on both the top and bottom sides was proposed and fabricated. By using a specified biasing configuration, vertical electric fields are generated and well confined between the facing electrodes. Meanwhile, horizontal electrical fields are created between adjacent electrodes which help reducing the undesirable deformation of the LC director axis resulting from the fringing filed. Computer simulations show, in our novel structure, a maximum phase modulation depth of 4.15 rad (for 1.55 µ m) can be achieved, which is large enough to satisfy the 1.17 π phase-shift requirement for maximum first order diffraction in sinusoidal phase gratings. Both the conventional singlesided and the novel double-sided LC gratings were fabricated and tested. Measurements showed, there was an efficiency enhancement of 77 times achieved by the double-sided structure comparing the conventional structure. A first order diffraction with diffraction angle at 14.5 o and diffraction efficiency of ~31% is experimentally achieved, of which the efficiency approaches the theoretical upper limit at 33.8% for a sinusoidal phase grating.

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Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-spatial-frequency liquid crystal phase gratings with double-sided striped electrodes

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2005

SPIE Proceedings

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“…To achieve such a distribution, various methods have been proposed. First, a special electrode configuration, such as interdigitated (or in-plane-switch, IPS) electrodes, is designed to produce a non-uniform electric field for fabricating the LC phase grating [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Other ways of generating the periodicity of the refractive index are through the reorientation of the LC molecular director using photoalignment [13,14], and the holographic technique [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable Two-Dimensional Liquid Crystal Grating in Blue Phase

Huang

Lin

et al. 2017

Crystals

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Abstract:We demonstrate a switchable two-dimensional phase grating in blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC), which is fabricated by sawtooth in-plane-switch (IPS) electrodes. They are used to generate the horizontal electric field on a single indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrate and, as a result, the 1-D and 2-D phase gratings can be mutual switched via different polarizations of incident light with an applied voltage. The first-order diffraction efficiency is up to 20% and 10% for the 1-D and 2-D phase grating at V = 150 V, respectively. Moreover, the rise and decay time is 0.9 and 1.1 ms, respectively, which is suitable for wide applications of high-speed optical manipulations.

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“…For example, a tunable-focus lens [1], a beam steering device [2], and a Fresnel zone plate [3], all based on polymernetwork liquid crystal (PNLC), have been demonstrated by irradiating ultra-violet (UV) light through a photo-mask. Other related works include the use of a spherical electrode embedded in one of the substrates of an LC cell [4], reflective configuration based on the LCoS (liquid crystal on silicon) technology [5], a Fresnel zone plate based on alternating LC alignment zones [6] and an LC phase grating using interdigitated electrodes [7,8]. Adequate aperture size, simple construction, low operating voltage and fast response are desired for these devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of liquid crystal Fresnel lens by uneven electric field

Fujieda

Tada

Rahadian

2006

Optomechatronic Sensors, Instrumentation, and Computer-Vision Systems

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We propose a liquid crystal Fresnel lens that consists of a liquid crystal layer sandwitched between two substrates, one of which a Fresnel lens-like structure is formed. Simulations on the liquid crystal orientations show that the retardation distribution of such a lens can mimic that of a spherical lens. The radius of the equivalent spherical lens can be varied by the bias across the liquid crystal layer. This may open a way to a thin variable-focus lens. As a preparation for building such a device, we have conducted preliminary experiments that involves modulated polymerization of polymer-network liquid crystal material by UV light exposure through a phase mask. A liquid crystal phase grating has been created by exposure through a prism sheet.

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Liquid-crystal phase grating based on in-plane switching

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

High-spatial-frequency liquid crystal phase gratings with double-sided striped electrodes

High-spatial-frequency liquid crystal phase gratings with double-sided striped electrodes

Switchable Two-Dimensional Liquid Crystal Grating in Blue Phase

Design of liquid crystal Fresnel lens by uneven electric field

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