Liquid chromatography of aromatic hydrocarbons on ion-exchange resins

Ordemann, David M.; Walton, Harold F.

doi:10.1021/ac50006a027

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…A major consideration when choosing a column for waste stream analysis is long term stability. Experience in our laboratories (9, IO) and studies by Walton et al (11,12) have shown that good chromatographic resolution can be obtained with styrene-divinylbenzene base cation-exchange resins. Also these resins are totally unaffected by repeated injections of strong acids, bases, or concentrated brine solutions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical oxygen demand, dichromate, permanganate, hypochlorite, and hydrogen peroxide were determined with a sample throughput of 10-20 samples per hour depending on whether the current output was integrated or not. Kissinger (11) lists several electrochemical liquid chromatography detectors that could be adapted for fia. Other electrochemical LC detectors that are adaptable have been developed by Fenn, Siggia, and Curran (12), Johnson and co-workers (13-16), and Okazaki, Fujinaga, and co-workers (17-19).…”

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Trace determination of phenolic compounds in water by reversed phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a carbon-polyethylene tubular anode

Armentrout¹,

McLean²,

Long³

1979

Anal. Chem.

123

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A llquld chromatographic system, capable of selectlvely detecting individual phenolic compounds at 1-ppb levels in water, is described. A polymeric-cation-exchange resin column, acidic acetonitrile-water eluent, and an electrochemical detector containing a unique carbon-black/polyethylene tubular anode are employed. Various types of carbon electrodes have been evaluated, as well as elution order and detector sensitivities for numerous phenolic compounds. Applications of the system to water analyses are presented.Phenolic compounds, especially halogenated ones, are of concern in the environment because of their toxicity to fish and other aquatic life and their adverse affect on water and fish taste ( I ) . Colorimetric analysis with 4-aminoantipyrene usually is employed to measure total phenols (2). However, most para-substituted phenols will not respond adequately, and no information concerning identity is obtained. T o identify and quantitatively measure total phenols a t ppb levels, procedures generally involve solvent extraction and either extensive solvent concentration followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or selective derivatization and GC with electron capture detection ( 3 ) . Disadvantages of the GC methods are sample preparation time, cost of MS equipment, incomplete recoveries for most phenols, and the lack of detector selectivity when only phenols are desired.A variety of liquid chromatographic (LC) columns have been used to separate mixtures of phenols in water samples (4-8). A major consideration when choosing a column for waste stream analysis is long term stability. Experience in our laboratories (9, IO) and studies by Walton et al. (11,12) have shown that good chromatographic resolution can be obtained with styrene-divinylbenzene base cation-exchange resins. Also these resins are totally unaffected by repeated injections of strong acids, bases, or concentrated brine solutions. If necessary, the columns can be emptied, cleaned, and refilled easily.Electrochemical detection of phenols after LC separation was demonstrated in 1973 by Takata and Muto (7). Since then, numerous publications describing electrochemical cell constructions and applications have appeared in the literature and were reviewed by Kissinger through December 1977 (13-15). Until recently, the material of choice for oxidative working electrodes was carbon paste. It is inert, easily replaced when fouled, and yields a low and stable residual current. However, it is unsuitable for LC eluents containing appreciable methanol or acetonitrile because the organic binder of the paste dissolves. Thus, a more universally applicable anode material is required.Glassy carbon is presently the alternative anode material of choice. It performs well in an electrochemical detector once the surface has been rigorously polished (16). In our experience, the electrode will become passivated during wastewater analysis and provision must be made for renewing the surface when this occurs.We were searching for an anode material that possess...

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confidence: 99%

Trace determination of phenolic compounds in water by reversed phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a carbon-polyethylene tubular anode

Armentrout¹,

McLean²,

Long³

1979

Anal. Chem.

123

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“…Each ligand will bind to the resin through two ionic sites. In addition, further interactions between the systems of the ligand and resin are likely (12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This attempt is based on simulated transition curves performed with sets of single or mixture dye solutions. The study has been completed and includes some actual titration curves previously performed (9)(10)(11)(12). where Ax and Ay are the changes in CIE 1931 coordinates and gn, 2g12, and g22 are the values of constants of MacAdam ellipses corresponding to color points.…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization as a mechanism for improving the inherent selectivity of photometric reagents

Ditzler¹,

Pierre-Jacques²,

Harrington³

1986

Anal. Chem.

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It Is shown that Immobilization of metal chelating photometric reagents can have the effect of Increasing their selectivity. The ligands studied , 3-(2-pyrldyl)-5,6-bls(4-sulfonatophenyl)-1,2,4-trlazlne and 2 ,4-bls(5,6-bls(4-sulfonato-phenyl)-1,2,4-trlazln-3-yl)pyridlne, become selective for Cu+ over Fe2+ upon Immobilization. It Is argued that the selectivity results from the Inability of the 3:1 (llgand-to-metal) Fe2+ complexes to form due to restrictions Imposed by reagentsubstrate interactions. The Cu+ complex Is affected to a lesser extent due to the less demanding 2:1 stoichiometry.

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“…It has been known for 30 years or more that organic polymer-based ion-exchange resins could be used for extraction [5] and chromatographic separation [6,7] of neutral organic analytes. Recent work also demonstrated that both reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms operate simultaneously and essentially independently on silica-based, strong-acid cation-exchange HPLC phases [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of simultaneous anion-exchange and reversed-phase behavior on a strong anion-exchange column

Dean

Jezorek

2004

Journal of Chromatography A

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Liquid chromatography of aromatic hydrocarbons on ion-exchange resins

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Trace determination of phenolic compounds in water by reversed phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a carbon-polyethylene tubular anode

Trace determination of phenolic compounds in water by reversed phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a carbon-polyethylene tubular anode

Immobilization as a mechanism for improving the inherent selectivity of photometric reagents

Demonstration of simultaneous anion-exchange and reversed-phase behavior on a strong anion-exchange column

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