Liquid biopsy in chronic liver disease

Barrera-Saldaña, Hugo A.; Fernández-Garza, Luis E.; Barrera-Barrera, Silvia A.

doi:10.1016/j.aohep.2020.03.008

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…In addition, epigenetic alterations, predominantly those reflected by DNA methylation have been associated with a plethora of human diseases ranging from neurological and psychiatric disorders to tumorigenesis [11]. Nonetheless, only few studies have extensively focused on the potential significance of cf-DNA for the progression of NAFLD, while information pertinent to the importance of the distinct circulating cf-DNA species to this direction remains scarce [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Species in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chrysavgis

Papatheodoridi

Koutsilieris

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have not been completely elucidated, while the significance of circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) species has been rarely evaluated in NAFLD. Herein, we assessed the serum levels of cf-DNA species in NAFLD patients and investigated their potential associations with patients’ characteristics and severity of liver disease. Forty-nine adult patients with NAFLD of any stage were included in this cohort study. Cf-DNA was isolated from patients’ sera and the levels of several distinct cf-DNA species including total cf-DNA, gene-coding cf-DNA, Alu repeat sequences, mitochondrial DNA copies and 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine were determined. Cirrhotic compared to non-cirrhotic patients had significantly lower serum levels of cf-DNA and RNAse P coding DNA as well as higher expression of 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine. After adjustment for the significant clinico-epidemiological factors, lower serum levels of cf-DNA or RNAse P were independently associated with the presence of cirrhosis. Serum levels of total and gene-coding DNA are associated with the presence of cirrhosis in NAFLD patients regardless of clinical or epidemiological parameters and may therefore be used as a screening tool for NAFLD progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Species in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chrysavgis

Papatheodoridi

Koutsilieris

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…58 Whilst this technique is best established for cancers, the liquid biopsy also has the potential for diagnosing parenchymal diseases of the liver. [59][60][61] This area is developing rapidly and so may become the standard of diagnosis in the future. Liquid biopsy has several advantages above standards clinical tools, providing specific, dynamic and fast access information to different illnesses.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Parenchymal Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Alternatives to Liver Biopsies: Non-Invasive Analytics and Diagnostics

Neuberger

Cain

2021

HMER

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Histology remains essential for the diagnosis and management of many disorders affecting the liver. However, the biopsy procedure itself is associated with a low risk of harm to the patient and cost to the health services; samples may not be adequate and are subject to sampling variation. Furthermore, interpretation often depends on the skill of the pathologist. Increasingly, new techniques are becoming available that are altering the indications for liver biopsy. Many diseases of the liver can be diagnosed and managed using serological and radiological techniques; the degree of fibrosis and fat can often be assessed by serological or imaging techniques and the nature of space occupying lesions defined by serology, imaging and use of liquid biopsy. However, these techniques, too, are subject to limitations: sensitivity and specificity is not always adequate for diagnosis or management; some techniques are expensive and often also require expert interpretation. Although there may be less need for liver biopsy today, histology remains the gold standard as well as an essential tool for the diagnosis and management of many conditions, especially where there are multiple pathologies, or where a diagnosis cannot or has not been made by alternative approaches. Until less invasive techniques become more reliable and accessible, liver histology will remain a key investigation.

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“…Liquid biopsy refers to the analysis in the bloodstream or other body fluids of material derived from the tumor, or in some cases the damaged tissues, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and RNA, proteins, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), metabolites, and extracellular vesicles [100][101][102] (Figure 2). Circulating cfDNA and CTCs are the cornerstone analytes of liquid biopsy, providing the genetic and epigenetic profiles of the cells of origin, and importantly recapitulating the complex and heterogeneous molecular pathogenesis of tumors such as HCC [103][104][105].…”

Section: Epigenetic Biomarkers In Liquid Biopsy: Methylated Ctdna For Liver Disease Diagnosis and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Disease

Arechederra

Recalde

Gárate-Rascón

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Research in the last decades has demonstrated the relevance of epigenetics in controlling gene expression to maintain cell homeostasis, and the important role played by epigenome alterations in disease development. Moreover, the reversibility of epigenetic marks can be harnessed as a therapeutic strategy, and epigenetic marks can be used as diagnosis biomarkers. Epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression have been associated with the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we summarize epigenetic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease (CLD), particularly focusing on DNA methylation. We also discuss their utility as epigenetic biomarkers in liquid biopsy for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Finally, we discuss the potential of epigenetic therapeutic strategies for HCC treatment.

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Liquid biopsy in chronic liver disease

Cited by 13 publications

References 144 publications

Significance of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Species in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Significance of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Species in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The Need for Alternatives to Liver Biopsies: Non-Invasive Analytics and Diagnostics

Epigenetic Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Disease

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