Liquid Biopsy in Cancer: Focus on Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Abstract

Within the context of precision medicine, the scientific community is giving particular attention to early diagnosis and intervention, guided by non-invasive methodologies. Liquid biopsy (LBx) is a recent laboratory approach consisting of a non-invasive blood draw, which allows the detection of information about potential prognostic factors, or markers to be used for diagnostic purposes; it might also allow the clinician to establish a treatment regimen and predict a patient’s response. Since the discovery of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the nineteenth century, the possibility of integrating LBx into clinical practice has been explored, primarily because of its safeness and easy execution: indeed, compared to solid biopsy, sampling-related risks are less of a concern, and the quickness and repeatability of the process could help confirm a prompt diagnosis or to further corroborate the existence of a metastatic spreading of the disease. LBx’s usefulness has been consolidated in a narrow range of oncological settings, first of all, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and it is now gradually being assessed also in lymphoproliferative diseases, such as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), B-cell lymphomas, and multiple myeloma. The present review aims to summarize LBx's overall characteristics (such as its advantages and flaws, collection and analysis methodologies, indications, and targets of the test), and to highlight the applications of this technique within the specific field of B-cell malignancies. The perspectives on how such a simple and convenient technique could improve hemato-oncological clinical practice are broadly encouraging, yet far from a complete integration in routine clinical settings.

Diagnostic potential of plasma CD30(+) small extracellular vesicles in Hodgkin lymphoma

“…Технология жидкостной биопсии в контексте лимфопролиферативных заболеваний предполагает возможность анализа различных компонентов цирку лирующей крови: клеток, субклеточных или везику лярных структур, молекул ДНК и РНК [8]. Например, инновационная технология оценки статуса пациентов с ЛХ путем обогащения специфических фрагментов циркулирующей в плазме ДНК и последующим глу боким секвенированием (next generation sequencing, NGS) была предложена группой испанских исследо вателей [9].…”

“…Все параметры были рассчитаны автоматически с по мощью указанной программы. Среднее значение SUV max наиболее активных поражений у всех пациентов составило 12,4 (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)3). Медиана MTV и TLG всех суммарных очагов метаболически активной лимфомы составляла соответственно Х (Х1-Х2) мл и Y (Y1-Y2) мл.…”

Editorial: Liquid biopsies in hematological malignancies

“…Hematologists and cancer biology researchers have been pioneers in the research and development of blood-based biomarkers, mostly due to the fact that the primary biological material of analysis in hematology is the blood itself ( 7 , 8 ). In addition, the presence of disease in blood for many hematologic malignancies makes it a perfect and direct testing ground for the development of liquid biopsy techniques and MRD analyses ( 9 , 10 ).…”