Liquid-assisted grinding/compression: a facile mechanosynthetic route for the production of high-performing Co–N–C electrocatalyst materials

Abstract

Mechanochemical synthesis of bifunctional Co–N–C electrocatalysts.

Modulation of the Chemical Microenvironment at the Hematite-Based Photoanode Interface with a Covalent Triazine Framework for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

“…The O 1s XPS spectra of all samples in Figure a can be fitted with two or three deconvolution peaks corresponding to Fe–O (529.62–529.72 eV), surface adsorbed hydroxyl oxygen (530.70–530.86 eV), and Co–O–Si (532.35–532.50 eV), respectively. , As shown in Figure S9, all samples exhibit similar Gd 4d XPS spectra except for α-Fe 2 O 3 , where the Gd 4d 5/2 peaks located at ∼143 eV were attributed to Gd 3+ , which proved the successful doping of Gd . The C 1s XPS spectra of CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 and Co-Sil/CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 in Figure S10 can be fitted with three deconvoluted peaks corresponding to CC, N–CN, and C–S in the CTF-BTh. , As shown in the N 1s XPS spectra (Figure b), the peaks located at 398.5 eV are attributed to C–NC in the CTF-BTh, while the spectrum of Co-Sil/CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 also exhibits a clear N–Co peak located at 399.4 eV, which is attributed to the coordination of the electron-rich N in the CTF-BTh with the Co ions possessing vacant orbitals in Co-Sil. Likewise, the peaks located at 164.45 eV (2p 3/2 ) and 165.63 eV (2p 1/2 ) in S 2p XPS spectra (Figure c) imply the existence of C–S–C in the CTF-BTh .…”

“…29 The C 1s XPS spectra of CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 and Co-Sil/CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 in Figure S10 can be fitted with three deconvoluted peaks corresponding to CC, N−CN, and C−S in the CTF-BTh. 30,31 As shown in the N 1s XPS spectra (Figure 2b), the peaks located at 398.5 eV are attributed to C− NC in the CTF-BTh, 32 while the spectrum of Co-Sil/CTF-BTh/Gd-Fe 2 O 3 also exhibits a clear N−Co peak located at 399.4 eV, 33 which is attributed to the coordination of the electron-rich N in the CTF-BTh with the Co ions possessing vacant orbitals in Co-Sil. Likewise, the peaks located at 164.45 eV (2p 3/2 ) and 165.63 eV (2p 1/2 ) in S 2p XPS spectra (Figure 2c) imply the existence of C−S−C in the CTF-BTh.…”

Template-Assisted Mechanosynthesis Leading to Benchmark Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in the Production of Bifunctional Fe–N–C Electrocatalysts

“…The atomic fractions of Fe, N, C, and O elements are summarized in Table S2. Deconvoluted high-resolution Fe 2p XPS spectra (Figure b) show the presence of four peaks at 714, 712, 710, and 709 eV, which are attributed to Fe–C x , Fe–N x , Fe 3+ , and Fe 2+ states, respectively. − According to the ratio of species in the N 1s region (Figure c), 30% of all N species are involved in the formation of Fe–N x .…”

“…As previously reported, the synthetic efficiency of the proposed methodology goes far beyond the wet-chemistry protocols. 34 Although materials produced via liquid-based synthesis show excellent activity, 43−45 the solid-state synthetic approaches exhibit a distinct advantage in sustainability and demonstrate competitive performance as compared to the conventional solventbased methods. 9,10,46 Therefore, to offer the most industrially suitable protocol, the grand challenge is to outperform the currently available solid-state approaches.…”

Ultrahigh stable covalent organic framework-derived carbon–nitrogen-supported palladium nanoparticles for highly efficient electrocatalytic methanol and ethanol oxidation reactions

“…1 Electrochemical storage and conversion devices, especially fuel cells, as an important part of the sustainable development of clean energy, are promising and advanced new energy conversion technologies. [2][3][4][5] Direct methanol and ethanol fuel cells (DMFCs and DEFCs) use liquid, renewable and simple alcohols as fuels, and they have great potential for powering microelectronics and portable electronic devices. 6 It is well known that electrocatalysts have a significant impact on promoting the conversion efficiency of fuel cells.…”