Liquefaction of lignin by polyethyleneglycol and glycerol

Jin, Yanqiao; Ruan, Xuemin; Cheng, Xin; Lü, Qiu‐Feng

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.050

Cited by 178 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The signals in the 2940-2870 cm −1 region were attributed to the stretching of CH 3 , CH 2 and CH aliphatic groups (Collier et al 1997). The bands present at 1600 and 1510 cm −1 were assigned to the skeletal vibrations of the benzene ring originating from lignin (Jin et al 2011). Absorption bands at 1450-1415 cm −1 region can be associated with the CH 2 and HOC in-plane bending vibrations.…”

Section: Characterizations Of Bio-based Polyolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

et al. 2018

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The present study examined the application of polyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin in the production of rigid polyurethane foam. Lignin was liquefied in crude glycerol and 1,4-butanediol at different temperatures (130-170 °C), without a catalyst and using various biomass concentrations (15 and 30 wt%). The physicochemical properties, process yield, and FTIR-based identification of the obtained polyols were investigated. Under optimal conditions, i.e., a 5-min microwave heating time and a reaction temperature of 150 °C, a polyol characterized by a suitable hydroxyl number of 670 mg KOH/g was obtained with a 93% process yield. Liquefied biopolyol was directly used for the production of rigid polyurethane foams with the addition of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate at the [NCO/OH] ratio of 2:1. Mechanical properties of the obtained foams gradually improved with increasing content of biopolyol. The 5% weight loss temperature (T 5 ) for bio-based foams was higher, respectively 6 and 13 °C compared to the petrochemical foam. Replacement of petrochemical polyether with biopolyols showed the ability to obtain rigid polyurethane foams from lignin and crude glycerol.

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Section: Characterizations Of Bio-based Polyolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

et al. 2018

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“…Lignin can be converted into polyols via hydrolysis in the presence of basic catalysts (Mahmood et al 2013), and the treatment with organic solvents (Jin et al 2011) or supercritical methanol and ethanol (Miller et al 1999). The methods of cellulose liquefaction are based on cellulose hydrogenolysis or hydrolysis assisted by acids, enzymes, ionic liquids or hot steam (Baek et al 2012;Liu et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolyols obtained via crude glycerol-based liquefaction of cellulose: their structural, rheological and thermal characterization

et al. 2016

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In this work lignocellulose biomass liquefaction was used to produce biopolyols suitable for the manufacturing of rigid polyurethane foams. In order to better evaluate the mechanism of the process, pure cellulose was applied as a raw material. The effect of time and temperature on the effectiveness of liquefaction and the parameters of resulting biopolyols were characterized. The prepared materials were analyzed in terms of their chemical structure, rheology, thermal and oxidative stability, and basic physical and mechanical properties that are important from the point of view of polyurethane manufacturing. The optimal parameters for the biopolyol production with a 94 % yield were achieved at 150°C for a 6-h reaction duration. The obtained polyols were characterized by the hydroxyl number of 643 mg KOH/g and enhanced thermal and oxidative stability compared to the polyols obtained at lower temperatures, which is associated with the altered mechanism of liquefaction. The results of rheological tests, analyzed with the use of Ostwald-de Waele and Herschel Bulkley models, revealed that the prepared biopolyols can be classified as pseudoplastic fluids with the viscosity values similar to those of commercially available products. Rigid foams obtained via partial substitution of petrochemical polyol with prepared biobased one were characterized by slightly increased apparent density and average cell size comparing to unmodified materials. The best mechanical performance was observed for the sample containing 35 wt% of biopolyol in the polyol mixture, which indicates a synergistic effect between the applied polyols. The applied modification delayed thermal degradation of foams due to changes in thermal decomposition process. In conclusion, the presented work confirms that lignocellulose biomass liquefaction can be successfully applied as a manufacturing method of polyols later used in the production of polyurethanes.

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“…First, L-AL was obtained by liquefaction, which was carried out according to the process described in the literature (Sui and Wu 2011;Jin et al 2011). Then, 5 g of L-AL was treated with 15 mL of epoxy chloropropane for 2 h at a temperature of 90 °C and grafted with 40 mL of laurinol for 1.5 h at 135 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects of Lignin-Phenol-based Nonionic Surfactant with Anionic Surfactants in Aqueous Solution

Mao¹,

Wu²

2013

BioResources

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Surfactants made from modified lignin are attracting growing attention; therefore, a lignin-phenol nonionic surfactant named ML-AL has been prepared by modifying liquefied industrial alkali lignin (L-AL). Its basic physical and chemical properties have been shown to be favorable. In this work, anionic surfactants of sodium fatty acid soap (carbon numbers 12, 16, and 18) and sulfur-containing anionic surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate) were chosen to mix with ML-AL in water-soluble media. The surface properties of each binary mixed solution system with anionic surfactant were investigated. At the same time, the mixed micelles formed by ML-AL and each anionic surfactant were studied. Non-ideal mixed micelles were obtained via ML-AL and the tested anionic surfactant. The interaction parameter (β M ) and excess free energy (ΔG excess ) were both negative. Meanwhile, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of mixed systems (formed by ML-AL and each anionic surfactant in aqueous solution) were lower than those of a single-component system (ML-AL or single anionic surfactant). There was an optimum dosage ratio of about 0.4 in terms of synergistic effects. This research could provide a foundation for practical applications of combinations with anionic surfactants in aqueous solution.

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Liquefaction of lignin by polyethyleneglycol and glycerol

Cited by 178 publications

References 13 publications

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Biopolyols obtained via crude glycerol-based liquefaction of cellulose: their structural, rheological and thermal characterization

Synergistic Effects of Lignin-Phenol-based Nonionic Surfactant with Anionic Surfactants in Aqueous Solution

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