LIPUS as a potential strategy for periodontitis treatment: A review of the mechanisms

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition triggered by oral bacteria. A sustained inflammatory state in periodontitis could eventually destroy the alveolar bone. The key objective of periodontal therapy is to terminate the inflammatory process and reconstruct the periodontal tissues. The traditional Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure has unstable results due to multiple factors such as the inflammatory environment, the immune response caused by the implant, and the operator’s technique. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), as acoustic energy, transmits the mechanical signals to the target tissue to provide non-invasive physical stimulation. LIPUS has positive effects in promoting bone regeneration, soft-tissue regeneration, inflammation inhibition, and neuromodulation. LIPUS can maintain and regenerate alveolar bone during an inflammatory state by suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors. LIPUS also affects the cellular behavior of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), thereby protecting the regenerative potential of bone tissue in an inflammatory state. However, the underlying mechanisms of the LIPUS therapy are still yet to be summarized. The goal of this review is to outline the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of periodontitis-related LIPUS therapy, as well as to explain how LIPUS manages to transmit mechanical stimulation into the signaling pathway to achieve inflammatory control and periodontal bone regeneration.

WITHDRAWN: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound delays the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating the YAP-RIPK1-NF-κB axis via influencing autophagy

“…Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a type of special ultrasound, recent study had found could promote cartilage repair after damage and suspend cartilage degeneration 15 . Furthermore, LIPUS converts acoustic signals into mechanical signals to trigger a series of cellular responses that enhancing gene expression and anti-in ammatory responses in mature chondrocytes 16,17 . At the same time, relevant research shown that LIPUS could regulate the expression level of YAP in certain condition 18,19 .…”

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound delays the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating the YAP–RIPK1–NF-κB axis and influencing autophagy

“…A recent study has shown that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a special type of ultrasound can promote cartilage repair after damage and slow down cartilage degeneration [17]. Furthermore, LIPUS converts acoustic signals into mechanical signals, which then trigger a series of cellular responses [18,19]. For example, LIPUS has been reported to treat periodontitis and neurological diseases owing to its anti-inflammatory effect [20][21][22][23].…”