Lipoxygenase Activity Increment in Infected Tomato Leaves and Oxidation Product of Linolenic Acid by Its<i>In Vitro</i>Enzyme Reaction

Kato, Tadahiro; Maeda, Yoshinori; Hirukawa, Toshifumi; Namai, Tsuneo; Yoshioka, Nobuyuki

doi:10.1271/bbb.56.373

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Enzyme specificity appears to be, however, dependent on the plant model. For instance, 13-LOX was described in rice (49) and soybean (27), whereas 9-LOX was characterized in tomato (50) and tobacco (Ref. 51 and this work).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Products from the LOX pathway include hydroxy fatty acids, observed in this work, which are substrates for cutin biosynthesis, reinforcing tissue defenses (66). Lipid hydroperoxides and derived products are toxic to microorganisms (25,30,31,50,67). Finally, fatty acid hydroperoxides were also proposed as acting as signaling compounds to neighboring cells (25) and eliciting phytoalexin synthesis (48,66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Involvement of Lipoxygenase-dependent Production of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in the Development of the Hypersensitive Cell Death induced by Cryptogein on Tobacco Leaves

Rustérucci¹,

Montillet²,

Agnel³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

218

212

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Lipid peroxidation was investigated in relation with the hypersensitive reaction in cryptogein-elicited tobacco leaves. A massive production of free polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) hydroperoxides dependent on a 9-lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was characterized during the development of leaf necrosis. The process occurred after a lag phase of 12 h, was accompanied by the concomitant increase of 9-LOX activity, and preceded by a transient accumulation of LOX transcripts. Free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation represented 10% of the process. Inhibition and activation of the LOX pathway was shown to inhibit or to activate cell death, and evidence was provided that fatty acid hydroperoxides are able to mimic leaf necrotic symptoms. Within 24 h, about 50% of leaf PUFAs were consumed, chloroplast lipids being the major source of PUFAs. The results minimize the direct participation of active oxygen species from the oxidative burst in membrane lipid peroxidation. They suggest, furthermore, the involvement of lipase activity to provide the free PUFA substrates for LOX. The LOX-dependent peroxidative pathway, responsible for tissue necrosis, appears as being one of the features of hypersensitive programmed cell death.In plant-pathogen interactions, a typical feature of plant resistance is hypersensitive reaction (HR), 1 characterized by the induction of rapid cell death at the site of an attempted attack by either an avirulent strain of a pathogen or a nonpathogen. The collapse of challenged cells, occurring during incompatible interactions, was shown in most cases to be dependent on a gene for gene plant pathogen interaction (1, 2). HR is accompanied by a battery of defense mechanisms including de novo synthesis of antimicrobial enzymes and metabolites, strengthening of the cell wall, and the onset of systemic acquired resistance dependent on salicylic acid accumulation (3, 4). HR often leads to dry lesions that are supposed to limit pathogen growth. Other proposed roles is the release in apoplasm of defense-related proteins and toxic metabolites, as well as of signals that activate the defenses of both neighboring and distant cells. Hypersensitive cell death appears to not be the result of the direct action of released pathogenic factors but is rather under the genetic control of the host. Indeed, several observations underline that HR is an example of PCD in plants (1, 2). Furthermore, hypersensitive cell death has morphological and molecular features similar to the mammalian PCD, called apoptosis. These include cytoplasm and chromatin condensation followed by their fragmentation, activation of calciumdependent endonucleases (5-8) and of cysteine proteases (9 -11), and involvement of similar regulation factors (2). Some differences between HR and mammalian apoptosis were observed, however, such as changes in DNA laddering (5,8) and the lack in HR of the repressor role of Bcl-x L (12). One ultimate characteristic of HR is the loss of membrane integrity, and thus HR is often characterized by an associated electrolyte le...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Lipoxygenase-dependent Production of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in the Development of the Hypersensitive Cell Death induced by Cryptogein on Tobacco Leaves

Rustérucci¹,

Montillet²,

Agnel³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

218

212

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“…Increased lipoxygenase expression has been detected in plants during or following a variety of stresses, including insect feeding (Hildebrand et al, 1989), infection by both bacterial and funga1 pathogens (Yamamoto and Tani, 1986;Keppler and Novacky, 1987;Croft et al, 1990;Kato et al, 1992;Koch et al, 1992;Fournier et al, 1993;Melan et al, 1993), low water potential (Bell and Mullet, 1991), and mechanical wounding (Hildebrand et al, 1989;Mullet, 1991, 1993;Geerts et al, 1994;Saravitz and Siedow, 1995). Although the physiological relevance of stress-associated increases in lipoxygenase has yet to be established, severa1 proposals have been made, including membrane degradation during hypersensitive resistance responses (Croft et al, 1990), production of fatty acid-derived, antimicrobial molecules (Ohta et al, 1990(Ohta et al, , 1991Kato et al, 1992;Croft et al, 1993), and the stress-associated synthesis of plant growth substances such as ABA (Creelman et al, 1992a) and JA Koch et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the physiological relevance of stress-associated increases in lipoxygenase has yet to be established, severa1 proposals have been made, including membrane degradation during hypersensitive resistance responses (Croft et al, 1990), production of fatty acid-derived, antimicrobial molecules (Ohta et al, 1990(Ohta et al, , 1991Kato et al, 1992;Croft et al, 1993), and the stress-associated synthesis of plant growth substances such as ABA (Creelman et al, 1992a) and JA Koch et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Differential Expression of Wound-Inducible Lipoxygenase Genes in Soybean Leaves

Saravitz

Siedow

1996

Plant Physiol.

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Two soybean [Glycine max (1.) Merr.] lipoxygenase cDNA clones were isolated that represent lipoxygenase genes (designated L0X7 and LOX8) that display increased expression in leaves following wounding. LOX7 and LOX8 were found to be differentially expressed in soybean leaves after wounding. lncreased transcript levels of both genes were detected in wounded leaves within 8 h after wounding, but only the expression of LOX7 displayed a systemic wound response. Additionally, the elevated expression of LOX7in wounded leaves was transient. Twenty-four hours postwounding, LOX7 transcripts were no longer detectable in leaves. In contrast, LOX8 transcript levels were elevated in wounded leaves from 8 to 72 h after wounding. In addition, treatment of soybean plants with methyl jasmonate resulted in higher levels of both LOX7and LOX8 transcripts in leaves. High levels of expression of both genes were also detected in young leaves, flowers, and immature seed pods, and increases in LOX7 and LOX8 transcripts were observed in leaves following the removal of reproductive sink tissues. The expression of LOX7 and LOX8 in unwounded soybean tissues and increased expression following wounding suggest that the lipoxygenases encoded by these genes may participate in general physiological processes that are enhanced following physical damage.

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“…Expression of lipoxygenase was very feeble across the treatments and throughout time intervals, but higher than that of the untreated control, especially in C. falcatum elicitor treatment. LOX activity was found to be stimulated during pathogen attack in tomato [25] or rice [26] or during treatment of plant cell cultures by fungal elicitors [27,28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Profiling of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR)-Responsive Transcripts in Sugarcane Challenged with Colletotrichum falcatum

Selvaraj

Ashwin

Sundar

et al. 2014

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Red rot disease of sugarcane caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is one of the serious constraints affecting the productivity of the crop. The strategy of employing systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against red rot yielded consistently good results at field level. However, elucidation of genes involved in the induction of SAR continues to be a challenging area of research for a critical understanding of red rot disease resistance in sugarcane. Here, temporal expression of 22 putative defense-related genes were analyzed by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) in red rot-susceptible cultivar (CoC 671) with response to priming using various SAR inducers, viz. benzothiadiazole (BTH), salicylic acid (SA), and C. falcatum elicitor. Among the 22 genes studied, 12 transcripts were found to be differentially expressed, of which seven transcripts represent phenylpropanoid pathway and five transcripts represent resistant gene analogues (RGAs). Differentially regulated phenylpropanoid pathway genes such as cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase, chalcone synthase, and chalcone reductase were reported to play a major role in the regulation of phytoalexin synthesis, whereas R genes such as NBS-LRR genes and basal layer antifungal peptide (BAF) genes were upregulated upon SAR induction in response to pathogen challenge. These upregulated genes presumably play a potential role in SAR induction and might contribute to defense against C. falcatum.

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Lipoxygenase Activity Increment in Infected Tomato Leaves and Oxidation Product of Linolenic Acid by ItsIn VitroEnzyme Reaction

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Involvement of Lipoxygenase-dependent Production of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in the Development of the Hypersensitive Cell Death induced by Cryptogein on Tobacco Leaves

Involvement of Lipoxygenase-dependent Production of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in the Development of the Hypersensitive Cell Death induced by Cryptogein on Tobacco Leaves

The Differential Expression of Wound-Inducible Lipoxygenase Genes in Soybean Leaves

Molecular Profiling of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR)-Responsive Transcripts in Sugarcane Challenged with Colletotrichum falcatum

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