Liposome-induced exfoliation of graphite to few-layer graphene dispersion with antibacterial activity

Zappacosta, Roberta; Giulio, Mara Di; Ettorre, Valeria; Bosco, Domenico; Hadad, Caroline; Siani, Gabriella; Bartolomeo, Soraya Di; Cataldi, Amelia; Cellini, Luigina; Fontana, Antonella

doi:10.1039/c5tb00798d

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Graphene is a material with potential applications in many fields (17)(18)(19). In particular, GO has received increasing attention in biomedical fields for its antimicrobial effect (20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Graphene Oxide against Chronic Wound Microorganisms

Giulio

Zappacosta

Lodovico

et al. 2018

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

122

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Chronic wounds represent an increasing problem worldwide. Graphene oxide (GO) has been reported to exhibit strong antibacterial activity toward both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy of GO against wound pathogens. PECHA 10, PECHA 4, and X3 clinical isolates were incubated with 50 mg/liter of GO for 2 and 24 h to evaluate the antimicrobial effect. Optical and atomic force microscopy images were performed to visualize the effect of GO on microbial cells. Moreover, the antibiofilm effect of GO was tested on biofilms, both in formation and mature. Compared to the respective time controls, GO significantly reduced the growth both at 2 and 24 h in a time-dependent way, and it displayed a bacteriostatic effect in respect to the GO = 0; an immediate (after 2 h) slowdown of bacterial growth was detected for, whereas a tardive effect (after 24 h) was recorded for Atomic force microscopy images showed the complete wrapping of and with GO sheets, which explains its antimicrobial activity. Moreover, significant inhibition of biofilm formation and a reduction of mature biofilm were recorded for each detected microorganism. The antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of GO against chronic wound microorganisms make it an interesting candidate to incorporate into wound bandages to treat and/or prevent microbial infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of GO was checked by UV-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry at max ϭ 230 nm. Dimensions of GO flakes were measured by using dynamic laser light scattering (DLS) (90Plus/BI-MAS ZetaPlus multi angle particle size analyzer; Brookhaven Instruments Corp.) (21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Graphene Oxide against Chronic Wound Microorganisms

Giulio

Zappacosta

Lodovico

et al. 2018

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

122

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“…Phospholipid (liposome)-exfoliated graphene has also been prepared both in water and PBS medium at concentrations of ~0.1-0.2 mg mL -1 and successfully tested as an efficient antibacterial agent. 140 Specifically, moderate concentrations (0.05 mg mL -1 ) of these graphene flakes were found to inhibit bacterial growth for both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) strains in a way comparable to that achieved with graphene oxide (growth reduction of ~85-90% relative to an isotonic saline solution taken as control sample). The extent of growth reduction was significantly smaller when the bacterial strains were exposed to phospholipids in the absence of graphene flakes, highlighting the relevant role played by the 2D carbon material as an antibacterial agent.…”

Section: Bile Saltsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Biomolecule-assisted exfoliation and dispersion of graphene and other two-dimensional materials: a review of recent progress and applications

2016

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Direct liquid-phase exfoliation of layered materials by means of ultrasound, shear forces or electrochemical intercalation holds enormous promise as a convenient, cost-effective approach to the mass production of two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly in the form of colloidal suspensions of high quality and micrometer- and submicrometer-sized flakes. Of special relevance due to environmental and practical reasons is the production of 2D materials in aqueous medium, which generally requires the use of certain additives (surfactants and other types of dispersants) to assist in the exfoliation and colloidal stabilization processes. In this context, biomolecules have received, in recent years, increasing attention as dispersants for 2D materials, as they provide a number of advantages over more conventional, synthetic surfactants. Here, we review research progress in the use of biomolecules as exfoliating and dispersing agents for the production of 2D materials. Although most efforts in this area have focused on graphene, significant advances have also been reported with transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, etc.) or hexagonal boron nitride. Particular emphasis is placed on the specific merits of different types of biomolecules, including proteins and peptides, nucleotides and nucleic acids (RNA, DNA), polysaccharides, plant extracts and bile salts, on their role as efficient colloidal dispersants of 2D materials, as well as on the potential applications that have been explored for such biomolecule-exfoliated materials. These applications are wide-ranging and encompass the fields of biomedicine (photothermal and photodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, etc.), energy storage (Li- and Na-ion batteries), catalysis (e.g., catalyst supports for the oxygen reduction reaction or electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction), or composite materials. As an incipient area of research, a number of knowledge gaps, unresolved issues and novel future directions remain to be addressed for biomolecule-exfoliated 2D materials, which will be discussed in the last part of this review.

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“…A better understanding of the physical principles governing these complex interactions can be achieved by using simple and reproducible systems, such as model lipid membranes. Several experimental studies have been recently performed on the effects of graphene-based materials acting on simple solid supported lipid membranes [14,15], unilamellar lipid vesicles [15,16] and liposomes [16,17]. The affinity of graphene and graphene oxides for the hydrophobic region of the lipid membranes gives rise to a variety of modes of interaction that include the formation of multilayered graphene/membrane structures, the generation of pores in vesicle membranes, the insertion of graphene into liposomes or the complete destruction of the bilayer configuration [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction modes between nanosized graphene flakes and liposomes: Adsorption, insertion and membrane fusion

Santiago

Reigada

2019

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

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Background: Understanding the effects of graphene-based nanomaterials on lipid membranes is critical to determine their environmental impact and their efficiency in the biomedical context. Graphene has been reported to favourably interact with biological and model lipid membranes. Methods: We report on a systematic coarse-grained molecular dynamics study of the interaction modes of graphene nanometric flakes with POPC/cholesterol liposome membranes. We have simulated graphene layers with a variety of sizes and oxidation degrees, and we have analyzed the trajectories, the interaction modes, and the energetics of the observed phenomena. Results: Three interaction modes are reported. Graphene can be transiently adsorbed onto the liposome membrane and/or inserted in its hydrophobic region. Inserted nanosheets prefer a perpendicular orientation, and tilt in order to maximize the contact with phospholipid tails while avoiding the contact with cholesterol molecules. When placed between two liposomes, graphene facilitates their fusion in a single vesicle. Conclusions: Graphene can be temporary adsorbed on the liposome before insertion. Bilayer curvature has an influence on the orientation of inserted graphene particles. Cholesterol molecules are depleted from the surrounding of graphene particles. Graphene layers may catalyse membrane fusion by bypassing the energy barrier required in stalk formation. General significance: Nanometric graphene layers can be adsorbed/inserted in lipid-based membranes in different manners and affect the cholesterol distribution in the membrane, implying important consequences on the structure and functionality of biological cell membranes, and on the bioaccumulation of graphene in living organisms. The graphene-mediated mechanism opens new possibilities for vesicle fusion in the experimental context.

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Liposome-induced exfoliation of graphite to few-layer graphene dispersion with antibacterial activity

Abstract: Liposome-induced exfoliation of graphite allowed to obtain few-layer graphene homogeneous in size and hydrophilic due to the non-covalent functionalization with phospholipids. The corresponding dispersions are stable for 48 h and demonstrate antimicrobial activity.

Cited by 30 publications

References 74 publications

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Graphene Oxide against Chronic Wound Microorganisms

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Graphene Oxide against Chronic Wound Microorganisms

Biomolecule-assisted exfoliation and dispersion of graphene and other two-dimensional materials: a review of recent progress and applications

Interaction modes between nanosized graphene flakes and liposomes: Adsorption, insertion and membrane fusion

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