Liposome-Based Delivery System for Vaccine Candidates: Constructing An Effective Formulation

Abstract

The discovery of liposomes in 1965 by Bangham and coworkers changed the prospects of drug delivery systems. Since then, the application of liposomes as vaccine delivery systems has been studied extensively. Liposomal vaccine delivery systems are made up of nano- or micro-sized vesicles consisting of phospholipid bilayers, in which the bioactive molecule is encapsulated/entrapped, adsorbed or surface coupled. In general, liposomes are not immunogenic on their own; thus, liposomes combined with immunostimulating ligands (adjuvants) or various other formulations have been used as vaccine delivery systems. A thorough understanding of formulation parameters allows the design of effective liposomal vaccine delivery systems. This article provides an overview of various factors that influence liposomal immunogenicity. In particular, the effects of vesicle size, surface charge, bilayer composition, lamellarity, pegylation and targeting of liposomes are described.

Mucosal Vaccine Development Based on Liposome Technology

“…From this, it follows that the choice of lipid composition will greatly impact the biophysical and chemical properties of the liposome. Also, by choosing lipids that naturally exist in cell membranes, liposomes can be completely biodegradable, nontoxic, and nonimmunogenic in themselves [44, 45]. On the other hand, if components with an origin in archaeal, bacterial, or viral membranes are chosen, they could enhance the immunogenicity of the formulation [35, 37, 46–50].…”

Self-Amplifying mRNA Vaccines

“…Liposomes have been explored extensively for vaccine applications (Allison & Gregoriadis, 1974;Baca-Estrada, Foldvari, Snider, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, & Babiuk, 1997;Demana, Fehske, White, Rades, & Hook, 2004;Giddam, Zaman, Skwarczynski, & Toth, 2012;Gregory, Titball, & Williamson, 2013;Immordino, Dosio, & Cattel, 2006). Cationic lipids, which form a variety of liposomal structures, have also been studied as gene delivery vectors for vaccine purposes (Deering et al, 2014;Gregoriadis, Bacon, Caparros-Wanderley, & McCormack, 2002;Karmali & Chaudhuri, 2007;Li & Huang, 2006;Liu & Huang, 2002;Manthorpe et al, 2005;Perrie, Frederik, & Gregoriadis, 2001;Vajdy et al, 2004).…”

Inflammatory Monocyte/Macrophage Modulation by Liposome-Entrapped Spironolactone Ameliorates Acute Lung Injury in Mice

“…Moreover, SP is characterized by incomplete oral behavior because of its low solubility (2.8 mg/100 ml at 25°C in water) and slow dissolution rate [17]. Liposome drug delivery systems have shown encouraging results in altering the bioavailability of encapsulated therapeutic agents, thus improving the drug therapeutic index in terms of longevity, targetability, drug safety profiles, therapeutic efficacy and distribution characteristics [18][19][20]. Additionally, liposomes can be engulfed by the mononuclear phagocyte system and is prone to recruit into the sites of inflammation due to increased vascular permeability via passive targeting [21].…”