Lipoprotein lipase activity and composition of omental adipose tissue as related to lipid metabolism of the goat in late pregnancy and early lactation

Chilliard, Yves; Sauvant, Daniel; Hervieu, J.; Dorleans, Michelle; Morand-Fehr, P.

doi:10.1051/rnd:19770809

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ruminant adipose tissues are very rich in C18:0 and C18:1 FA, and the transition from pregnancy to lactation is accompanied by increases in the concentration of C18:0 FA and decreases in C18:1 FA in adipose tissue (Smith, 2009). Studies on plasma and hepatic lipid FA composition led to the hypothesis of a preferential release of oleic acid from the adipose tissue when ruminants experience a negative energy balance (Chilliard et al, 1977), which likely explains the relative importance of cis-9 C18:1 over C18:0 in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relationship between fatty acid profiles in milk identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and onset of luteal activity in Norwegian dairy cattle

Martin

Afseth

Köhler

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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To investigate the feasibility of milk fatty acids as predictors of onset of luteal activity (OLA), 87 lactations taken from 73 healthy Norwegian Red cattle were surveyed over 2 winter housing seasons. The feasibility of using frozen milk samples for dry-film Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) determination of milk samples was also tested. Morning milk samples were collected thrice weekly (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for the first 10 wk in milk (WIM). These samples had bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol) added to them before being frozen at -20°C, thawed, and analyzed by ELISA to determine progesterone concentration and the concentrations of the milk fatty acids C4:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and cis-9 C18:1 as a proportion of total milk fatty acid content using dry-film FTIR, and averaged by WIM. Onset of luteal activity was defined as the first day that milk progesterone concentrations were >3 ng/mL for 2 successive measurements; the study population was categorized as early (n=47) or late (n=40) OLA, using the median value of 21 DIM as the cutoff. Further milk samples were collected 6 times weekly, from morning and afternoon milkings, these were pooled by WIM, and one proportional sample was analyzed fresh for fat, protein, and lactose content by the dairy company Tine SA, using traditional FTIR spectrography in the wet phase of milk. Daily energy-balance calculations were performed in 42 lactations and averaged by WIM. Animals experiencing late OLA had a more negative energy balance in WIM 1, 3, 4, and 5, with the greatest differences been seen in WIM 3 and 4. A higher proportion of the fatty acids were medium chained, C14:0 and C16:0, in the early than in the late OLA group from WIM 1. In WIM 4, the proportion of total fatty acid content that was C16:0 predicted late OLA, with 74% sensitivity and 80% specificity. The long-chain proportion of the fatty acids C18:0 and cis-9 C18:1 were lower in the early than in the late OLA group. Differences were greatest in WIM 4 and 5. Differences in concentrations of cis-9 C18:1 were seen between the groups from WIM 1. No relationship was seen between OLA and milk concentrations of either protein or fat, or between OLA and the milk fat:protein ratio. The differences in milk fatty acid proportions between the 2 groups are most likely related to differences in energy balance. The study shows that frozen milk samples can be tested for fatty acids by FTIR spectroscopy and that FTIR spectroscopy of milk can be used to provide real-time information about cow reproductive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relationship between fatty acid profiles in milk identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and onset of luteal activity in Norwegian dairy cattle

Martin

Afseth

Köhler

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Increased absorption of p OH from the digestive tract, no doubt, greatly contributed to the elevated plasma concentrations during lactation, with the greater intakes. Positive correlations between plasma p OH concentration and dry-matter intake have already been recorded in goats (Chilliard et al, 1977). Changes in liver ketogenesis is probably a lesser influence on plasma p OH, except during early lactation when the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue and blood flow to the liver are both high (Vernon, 1989).…”

Section: Basal Levels Of Substrates Before Insulin Infusionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Dorleans and Morand-Fehr, 1977) related to mobilization of body lipids when energy intake is insufficient to meet requirements (Bauman and Elliott, 1983). In the current study dietary intakes of early lactating goats were proportionately about 0-3 below recommendations.…”

Section: Basal Levels Of Substrates Before Insulin Infusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic responses to hyperinsulinaemia under glucose-potassium-amino acids clamp in lactating and non-lactating goats

et al. 1995

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The present experiment was undertaken to investigate adaptations to insulin action on metabolism during lactation by using plasma concentrations of ji hydroxybutyrate (ji OH) free fatty acids (FFA) and lactate (L) as indicators. The study included three groups each of four goats. One group was used at 12 to 31 days post partum (early lactation), one group at 98 to 143 days post partum (mid lactation) and one group at 1 year post partum (dry period). For a given physiological state, each goat was examined four times to study the effect of insulin infused for 2-5 h at two rates, medium (0-36 nmol/min) followed by high (1-79 nmol/min) in two protocols: under normal aminoacidaemia in study 1 followed by hyperaminoacidaemia in study 2. Appropriate amino acid infusions were used to blunt insulin-induced hypoaminoacidaemia under eukaliaemic and euglycaemic clamp conditions or to create hyperaminoacidaemia and maintain this state under insulin treatment. In the basal state fiOH (P < 0-05), mid lactation) and FFA (P < 0-05 early lactation) were higher during lactation than in the dry period. Plasma L was unmodified. Insulin infusion always resulted in a decrease in /} OH levels (P < 0-05). In both studies, the change in fiOH concentration as a function of changes in plasma insulin (an index of insulin sensitivity) was greater during early lactation than in the dry period (P < 0-05); this was also the case of mid lactation in study 1. Insulin infusion decreased plasma FFA during early lactation and in the dry period in study 1 (P < 0-05), and there was a trend for insulin sensitivity to be greater during early lactation. In both studies insulin infusion did not affect plasma L in lactating goats whereas plasma L was increased in dry animals (P < 0-05). The results demonstrate that during early lactation, compared with the dry period, there is an increased ability of insulin to lower fiOH and FFA concentrations. These effects were not altered by increasing plasma amino acid concentrations during insulin infusion.

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“…Linzell (1967) reported that plasma arterial levels of a-amino-N decreased and mammary arterio-venous a-amino-N differences declined sharply in fasting goats. Horning et al (1961) (Chilliard et al, 1978), plasma FFA levels increase considerably and the pattern of milk straightchain fatty acid composition is very similar to changes in fasting animals (Chilliard et al, 1977) ; the lipoprotein lipase activity of omental adipose tissue is extremely low after a 48-hr fast and high after 7-day refeeding (Chilliard et al, 1979 Ces observations nous conduisent à supposer que la diminution proportionnelle des acides gras à courte chaîne serait dûe à l'inhibition de la synthèse endogène de ceux-ci au niveau de la glande mammaire, tandis que l'augmentation relative des acides gras à longue chaîne pourrait être attribué à la lipolyse du tissu adipeux.…”

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Changes in the fatty acid composition of goat milk fat after a 48-hour fast

Massart-Leën¹,

Peeters²

1985

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Lipoprotein lipase activity and composition of omental adipose tissue as related to lipid metabolism of the goat in late pregnancy and early lactation

Abstract: Introduction.

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

The relationship between fatty acid profiles in milk identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and onset of luteal activity in Norwegian dairy cattle

The relationship between fatty acid profiles in milk identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and onset of luteal activity in Norwegian dairy cattle

Metabolic responses to hyperinsulinaemia under glucose-potassium-amino acids clamp in lactating and non-lactating goats

Changes in the fatty acid composition of goat milk fat after a 48-hour fast

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