Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 in Coronary Artery Disease

Dimitroglou, Yannis; Sakalidis, Athanasios; Mavroudis, Andreas; Kalantzis, Charalampos; Valatsou, Angeliki; Andrikou, Ioannis; Christofi, A; Mantzouranis, Emmanouil; Kachrimanidis, Ioannis; Bei, Evellina; Lazarou, Emilia; Tsioufis, Costas; Tousoulis, Dimitris; Lazaros, George

doi:10.2174/1568026623666221027145545

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…Moreover, LDL particles can form complexes with proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, promoting immune responses and cholesterol crystal formation [ 13 ]. Other lipoproteins such as lipoprotein-a (Lp-a), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) have also been associated with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, respectively [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In particular, the anti-inflammatory role of HDL cholesterol has been recognized lately, and indices such as monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio are explored to improve the risk estimation of CAD prognosis [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Inflammatory Mechanisms In Atherosclerosis and Coronary Arte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes

Dimitroglou,

Aggeli,

Theofilis

et al. 2023

Life

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Evidence suggests that inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis and the consequent clinical presentation, including stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The most essential elements are cytokines, proteins with hormone-like properties that are produced by the immune cells, endothelial cells, platelets, fibroblasts, and some stromal cells. Interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6), chemokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are the cytokines commonly associated with endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and atherosclerosis. These molecules can be targeted by commonly used therapeutic substances or selective molecules that exert targeted anti-inflammatory actions. The most significant anti-inflammatory therapies are aspirin, statins, colchicine, IL-1β inhibitors, and IL-6 inhibitors, along with novel therapies such as TNF-α inhibitors and IL-1 receptor antagonists. Aspirin and statins are well-established therapies for atherosclerosis and CAD and their pleiotropic and anti-inflammatory actions contribute to their efficacy and favorable profile. Colchicine may also be considered in high-risk patients if recurrent ACS episodes occur when on optimal medical therapy according to the most recent guidelines. Recent randomized studies have also shown that therapies specifically targeting inflammatory interleukins and inflammation can reduce the risk for cardiovascular events, but these therapies are yet to be fully implemented in clinical practice. Preclinical research is also intense, targeting various inflammatory mediators that are believed to be implicated in CAD, namely repeated transfers of the soluble mutant of IFN-γ receptors, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors, IL-10 delivery by nanocarriers, chemokine modulatory treatments, and reacting oxygen species (ROS) targeting nanoparticles. Such approaches, although intriguing and promising, ought to be tested in clinical settings before safe conclusions can be drawn. Although the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis is significant, further studies are needed in order to elucidate this association and improve outcomes in patients with CAD.

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Section: Inflammatory Mechanisms In Atherosclerosis and Coronary Arte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes

Dimitroglou,

Aggeli,

Theofilis

et al. 2023

Life

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases: Going beyond Troponins and Natriuretic Peptides - Part 1

Tousoulis

Theofilis

2022

CTMC

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Lipid Biomarkers and Atherosclerosis—Old and New in Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood

Močnik

Varda

2023

IJMS

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Lipids are a complex group of molecules in the body, essential as structural, functional and metabolic components. When disbalanced, they are regarded as a cardiovascular risk factor, traditionally in cholesterol level evaluation. However, due to their complex nature, much research is still needed for a comprehensive understanding of their role in atherosclerosis, especially in the young. Several new lipid biomarkers are emerging, some already researched to a point, such as lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. Other lipid molecules are also being increasingly researched, including oxidized forms due to oxidative inflammation in atherosclerosis, and sphingolipids. For many, even those less new, the atherogenic potential is not clear and no clinical recommendations are in place to aid the clinician in using them in everyday clinical practice. Moreover, lipids’ involvement in atherogenesis in children has yet to be elucidated. This review summarizes the current knowledge on lipids as biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in the paediatric population.

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Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 in Coronary Artery Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes

Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes

Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases: Going beyond Troponins and Natriuretic Peptides - Part 1

Lipid Biomarkers and Atherosclerosis—Old and New in Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood

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