Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Activity Is Associated With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke. The Rotterdam Study

Oei, H H; Meer, I.M. van der; Hofman, Albert

doi:10.1016/j.accreview.2005.05.033

Cited by 131 publications

(228 citation statements)

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“…[11][12][13][14] An additional study assessing shorter-term risk (at 6 months after an index stroke or TIA) found Lp-PLA 2 -A to be a significant predictor of recurrent stroke. 15 In contrast, in the VA-HIT study, Lp-PLA 2 -A was not predictive of stroke, though it was predictive of myocardial infarction and vascular death, whereas Lp-PLA 2 -M was strongly predictive of subsequent stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Cucchiara

Messé

Sansing

et al. 2009

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) is a marker of unstable atherosclerotic plaque, and is predictive of both primary and secondary stroke in population-based studies. Methods-We conducted a prospective study of patients with acute TIA who presented to the ED. Clinical risk scoring using the ABCD 2 score was determined and Lp-PLA 2 mass (LpPLA 2 -M) and activity (LpPLA 2 -A) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. The primary outcome measure was a composite end point consisting of stroke or death within 90 days or identification of a high-risk stroke mechanism requiring specific early intervention (defined as Ն50% stenosis in a vessel referable to symptoms or a cardioembolic source warranting anticoagulation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Cucchiara

Messé

Sansing

et al. 2009

Stroke

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“…Based on several large trials, it has been approved by the FDA as a predictor of coronary heart disease and stroke [61]. In the Rotterdam trial, Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) studied elevated levels of Lp-PLA2 that were associated with an adjusted HR of 2.0-2.1 for stroke [62,63]. However, in the Women's Health Initiative, the relative increase in stroke risk with elevated levels of Lp-PLA2 was less, at 1.07 (95% CI 1.01-1.14) [64].…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Final Infarct Volume and Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke

2011

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This review provides a summary of the protein and RNA biomarkers that have been studied for the diagnosis and assessment of ischemic stroke. Many of the biomarkers identified relate to the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, including ischemia of CNS tissue, acute thrombosis and inflammatory response. These biomarkers are summarized by their intended clinical application in ischemic stroke including diagnosis, prediction of stroke severity and outcome, and stratification of patients for stroke therapy. Among the biomarkers discussed are recent whole genome studies using RNA expression profiles to diagnose ischemic stroke and stroke etiology. Though many candidate blood based biomarkers for ischemic stroke have been identified, none are currently used in clinical practice. With further well designed study and careful validation, the development of blood biomarkers to improve the care of patients with ischemic stroke may be achieved.

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“…This enzyme is found in blood circulation in most animals, and in humans is associated with apoB-100 of LDL and is also found in atherosclerotic plaques (10,11). Higher levels of Lp-PLA 2 are also associated with coronary heart disease, stroke and dementia (11,12). Lp-PLA 2 is produced and secreted by cells of monocyte-macrophage series, T-lymphocytes and mast cells.…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of cytokine biology and lipid metabolism in stroke

Adibhatla

Dempsy²,

Hatcher³

2008

Front Biosci

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Cytokines regulate the innate and adaptive immune responses and are pleiotropic, redundant and multifunctional. Expression of most cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1α/ß, is very low in normal brain. Metabolism of lipids is of particular interest due to their high concentration in the brain. Inflammatory response after stroke suggests that cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1 α/ß, IL-6), affect the phospholipid metabolism and subsequent production of eicosanoids, ceramide, and ROS that may potentiate brain injury. Phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin are source for lipid messengers. Sphingomyelin synthase serves as a bridge between metabolism of glycerolipids and sphingolipids. TNF-α and IL-1 α/ß can induce phospholipases (A 2 , C, and D) and sphingomyelinases, and concomitantly proteolyse phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin synthesizing enzymes. Together, these alterations contribute to loss of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin after stroke that can be attenuated by inhibiting TNF-α or IL-1 α/ß signaling. Inflammatory responses are instrumental in the formation and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Secretory PLA 2 IIA is found in human atherosclerotic lesions and is implicated in initiation, progression and maturation of atherosclerosis, a risk factor for stroke. Lipoprotein-PLA 2 , part of apolipoprotein B-100 of LDL, plays a role in vascular inflammation and coronary endothelial dysfunction. Cytokine antagonism attenuated secretory PLA 2 IIA actions, suggesting cytokine-lipid integration studies will lead to new concepts contributing to bench-to-bedside transition for stroke therapy.

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Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Activity Is Associated With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke. The Rotterdam Study

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Blood Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke

Integration of cytokine biology and lipid metabolism in stroke

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Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Activity Is Associated With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke. The Rotterdam Study

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A 2 and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A 2 and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Blood Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke

Integration of cytokine biology and lipid metabolism in stroke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A ₂ and C-Reactive Protein for Risk-Stratification of Patients With TIA