Lipopolysaccharide Toxicity-Regulating Proteins in Bacteremia

Froon, A. H. M.; Dentener, Mieke A.; Greve, Jan; Ramsay, Graham; Buurman, Wim A.

doi:10.1093/infdis/171.5.1250

Cited by 119 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…19 High serum LBP levels have been shown to correlate with the onset of bacteremia and sepsis. 20 Since gram-negative bacteria are abundantly present in the colon, significantly higher LBP concentrations in patients with CAL on days 2, 3, and 4 postoperatively could be expected. Moreover, multivariate analysis has shown that an increase of LBP levels in drain fluids is associated with a significantly higher risk for CAL.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute phase proteins in drain fluid: a new screening tool for colorectal anastomotic leakage? The APPEAL study: analysis of parameters predictive for evident anastomotic leakage

Komen

Slieker

Willemsen

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Surgery

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BACKGROUND: We aim to determine if C-reactive protein (CRP), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in drain fluid can serve as screening tools for colorectal anastomotic leakage (CAL).METHODS: Patients included in this multicenter prospective observational study underwent left hemicolectomy, sigmoid resection, high anterior resection, low anterior resection, or subtotal colectomy. During the first 5 postoperative days, CRP, LBP, and PCT were determined on drain fluid. RESULTS: In total 243 patients were included, of whom 19 (8%) developed CAL. CRP levels were higher in patients with leakage on day 3 and day 5, levels of LBP were higher on days 2, 3, and 4, and PCT levels were higher on day 5. Multivariate analysis showed LBP to be significantly related to CAL. An increase in the average initial value at the first postoperative day with 1 standard deviation increased the risk of leakage by 1.6 times.This research was made possible by grant from ''Stichting Technische Wetenschappen'' (STW), Utrecht, The Netherlands. STW had no role in the study design, in collection, analysis and interpretation of the data, in writing of this manuscript or in the decision to submit.

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Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute phase proteins in drain fluid: a new screening tool for colorectal anastomotic leakage? The APPEAL study: analysis of parameters predictive for evident anastomotic leakage

Komen

Slieker

Willemsen

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Surgery

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“…Patients with chronic low-grade infections (e.g., periodontitis) appear to have chronically elevated levels of sCD14 (26), and increases in sCD14 are correlated with increased mortality in bacteremia (27). However, during the acute inflammatory response, while sCD14 levels increase slightly (2-to 3-fold), LBP levels increase by 10-to 30-fold (28). These high serum concentrations of LBP are believed to attenuate endotoxin signaling and limit the acute response, and have been shown to reduce mortality in experimental sepsis (29).…”

Section: Effect Of Lbp:scd14 Ratio On Lps-induced Proinflammatory Actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Endotoxin-Induced Proinflammatory Activation in Human Coronary Artery Cells: Expression of Functional Membrane-Bound CD14 by Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells

Stoll

Denning

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

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Low-level endotoxemia has been identified as a powerful risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate endotoxin responsiveness in vascular cells. We conducted experiments to compare the relative responses of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) to very low levels of endotoxin, and to elucidate the mechanisms that regulate endotoxin responsiveness in vascular cells. Endotoxin (≤1 ng/ml) caused production of chemotactic cytokines in HCAEC. Endotoxin-induced cytokine production was maximal at LPS-binding protein:soluble CD14 ratios <1, typically observed in individuals with subclinical infection; higher LPS-binding protein:soluble CD14 ratios were inhibitory. Endotoxin potently activated HCASMC, with cytokine release >10-fold higher in magnitude at >10-fold lower threshold concentrations (10–30 pg/ml) compared with HCAEC. This remarkable sensitivity of HCASMC to very low endotoxin concentrations, comparable to that found in circulating monocytes, was not due to differential expression of TLR4, which was detected in HCAEC, HCASMC, and intact coronary arteries. Surprisingly, membrane-bound CD14 was detected in seven different lines of HCASMC, conferring responsiveness to endotoxin and to lipoteichoic acid, a product of Gram-positive bacteria, in these cells. These results suggest that the low levels of endotoxin associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis are sufficient to produce inflammatory responses in coronary artery cells. Because CD14 recognizes a diverse array of inflammatory mediators and functions as a pattern recognition molecule in inflammatory cells, expression of membrane-bound CD14 in HCASMC implies a potentially broader role for these cells in transducing innate immune responses in the vasculature.

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“…The recombinant LBP was purified from the culture medium as described previously (21) and its concentration determined by ELISA (22).…”

Section: Purification Of Recombinant Lbpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutting Edge: Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Block the Binding of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to LPS Binding Protein

Scott

Vreugdenhil

Buurman

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

256

208

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We investigated the mechanism by which cationic antimicrobial peptides block the activation of macrophages by LPS. The initial step in LPS signaling is the transfer of LPS to CD14 by LPS binding protein (LBP). Because many cationic antimicrobial peptides bind LPS, we asked whether these peptides block the binding of LPS to LBP. Using an assay that measures the binding of LPS to immobilized LBP, we show for the first time that a variety of structurally diverse cationic antimicrobial peptides block the interaction of LPS with LBP. The relative ability of different cationic peptides to block the binding of LPS to LBP correlated with their ability to block LPS-induced TNF-α production by the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line.

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Lipopolysaccharide Toxicity-Regulating Proteins in Bacteremia

Cited by 119 publications

References 44 publications

Acute phase proteins in drain fluid: a new screening tool for colorectal anastomotic leakage? The APPEAL study: analysis of parameters predictive for evident anastomotic leakage

Acute phase proteins in drain fluid: a new screening tool for colorectal anastomotic leakage? The APPEAL study: analysis of parameters predictive for evident anastomotic leakage

Regulation of Endotoxin-Induced Proinflammatory Activation in Human Coronary Artery Cells: Expression of Functional Membrane-Bound CD14 by Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells

Cutting Edge: Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Block the Binding of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to LPS Binding Protein

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