Lipophilic Contaminants Influence Cold Tolerance of Invertebrates through Changes in Cell Membrane Fluidity

Holmstrup, Martin; Bouvrais, Hélène; Westh, Peter; Wang, Chunhua; Slotsbo, Stine; Waagner, Dorthe; Enggrob, Kirsten Lønne; Ipsen, John Hjort

doi:10.1021/es502221g

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH, Sigma-Aldrich St. Louis, MO) was used as the fluorescent probe to monitor the changes in membrane fluidity [ 30 ] of P . rhodanensis after MPEF treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Pichia rhodanensis in relation to membrane and intracellular compounds due to microchip pulsed electric field (MPEF) treatment

Zhu

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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The effect of microchip pulsed electric field (MPEF) treatment on lethal and sublethal injury of Pichia rhodanensis (P. rhodanensis) were employed under 100–500 V for 20–100 pulses and the underlying mechanism of MPEF treatment was investigated as well. A 6.48 log10 reduction of P. rhodanensis was achieved at 500V for 80 pulse. The fluorescent staining with Propidium Iodide (PI) verified that the rate of sublethal injury cells maximum up to 27.2% under 200 V. MPEF can cause the damage of cell morphology and ultrastructure, meanwhile causing a decrease in cellular enzymes, antioxidant enzyme activity and cell membrane fluidity. The leakage of intracellular compounds (protein, nucleic acid, K+, Mg2+) and Ca2+-ATPase gradually increased as the growth of voltage, especially the proportion of protein in the supernatants increased from 2.0% to 26.4%. Flow cytometry analysis showed that MPEF has significant effect on membrane potential, but no obvious influence on non-specific esterase. MPEF can cause the changing of the secondary structure of protein, at the same time, double helix structure of DNA became loose and unwinding. These results provide a theoretical guidance for the widespread using of MPEF technology in the application of a non-thermal processing technique for food.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Pichia rhodanensis in relation to membrane and intracellular compounds due to microchip pulsed electric field (MPEF) treatment

Zhu

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…An alternative measure of the membrane's physical properties is, the "bending rigidity" of membranes, which can be obtained using the technique of Giant Vesicle Fluctuation Analysis. This is a parameter describing the stiffness of the membrane bilayer (Bouvrais 2012;Henriksen et al 2004), and different levels of stiffness have been linked to variance in low temperature tolerance of springtails and enchytraeids (Holmstrup et al 2014;Waagner et al 2013a). The concept of HVA was developed to explain the compensatory behavior of functional membranes in hydrated cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a few studies show that HVA is also applicable to freeze-tolerant species (Holmstrup et al 2014;Kostal et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane properties of Enchytraeus albidus originating from contrasting environments: a comparative analysis

et al. 2015

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Ectothermic animals adapted to different environmental temperatures are hypothesized to have biological membranes with different chemical and physical properties such that membrane properties are optimized for their particular thermal environments. To test this hypothesis we analyzed the composition of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in seven different populations of Enchytraeus albidus originating from different thermal environments. The seven populations differ markedly in origin (polar-temperate) and are also characterized by marked difference in cold tolerance. The dominant PLFAs of E. albidus were C20:5, C20:4 and C20:2 (53-61% of total PLFA) followed by C18:0, C20:1 and C22:2 (17-20% of total PLFA). As hypothesized the PLFA composition varied significantly between populations and molar percentage of several of the PLFAs (particularly C18:2) correlated with the lower lethal temperature (LT50) of the seven populations. Unsaturation ratio (UFA/SFA) and average PLFA chain length also correlated significantly with LT50, such that cold sensitive populations had a shorter chain length and a lower UFA/SFA compared to cold tolerant populations. Reconstituted membranes of the least and most cold tolerant populations were used to compare membranes' physical properties by fluorescence anisotropy and bending rigidity. Measurements of anisotropy did not show any overall difference between populations with different cold tolerance. This could be interpreted as if E. albidus populations have achieved a similar "optimal" fluidity of the membrane with a somewhat different PLFA composition. Our study suggests that membrane lipid composition could be important for the cold tolerance of E. albidus; however, these differences are not easily differentiated in the measurements of the membranes' physical properties. Other parameters such as accumulation of glucose for cryoprotection and energy supply may also be important components of enchytraeid freeze tolerance.

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“…In addition, free metal ions and other cations (such as Na + ) may compete for binding at the organism's point of entry, interfering with osmoregulation and uptake, which may either reduce or enhance the negative effects of the chemicals . Because of the lipophilic nature of 4‐nonylphenol, it is readily accumulated in membranes, causing toxicity by narcosis . Carbendazim is highly toxic to annelids, strongly affecting biomass, reproduction, and energy allocation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity changes impact of hazardous chemicals in Enchytraeus albidus

Silva

Amorim

Holmstrup

2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Supralittoral ecosystems are among the most challenging environments for soil organisms, particularly when salinity fluctuations are involved, frequently combined with the presence of contaminants as a result of intense anthropogenic activities. Knowledge of how salinity influences the effect of contaminants in supralittoral species is crucial for determining the safety factors required when extrapolating results from optimal laboratory conditions to these natural ecosystems. The present study therefore evaluated the effects of 2 metals (copper and cadmium) and 2 organic compounds (carbendazim and 4-nonylphenol) in the absence or presence of 15‰ NaCl in the potworm Enchytraeus albidus, a model organism for ecotoxicology studies commonly found in supralittoral ecosystems, The potworms had a higher reproduction in saline soil than in control soil. Moreover, the effects of copper and carbendazim on reproduction were smaller than when they were tested in nonsaline soil. Potworms exposed to nonsaline soils also had significantly higher tissue concentrations of metals, which partly explains the effects on reproduction. The influence of salinity on effects of 4-nonylphenol was, however, less clear; effects on survival decreased in saline soil, but effects on reproduction were highest in saline soil. The latter slightly correlated with tissue concentrations of the chemical. The present study provides the first evidence that soil salinity has a significant influence on the impact of contaminants evaluated with the enchytraeid reproduction test.

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Lipophilic Contaminants Influence Cold Tolerance of Invertebrates through Changes in Cell Membrane Fluidity

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Inactivation of Pichia rhodanensis in relation to membrane and intracellular compounds due to microchip pulsed electric field (MPEF) treatment

Inactivation of Pichia rhodanensis in relation to membrane and intracellular compounds due to microchip pulsed electric field (MPEF) treatment

Membrane properties of Enchytraeus albidus originating from contrasting environments: a comparative analysis

Salinity changes impact of hazardous chemicals in Enchytraeus albidus

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