Lipomatous hamartoma-like lesion of a bicuspid aortic valve: an incidental surgical finding

Rare Case of Hamartoma Mimicking Fibroma and Correlations with Literature

“…With the advent of extracorporeal circulation and the advancement of diagnostic medicine such as echocardiography (ECHO), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnosis and surgical treatment became more feasible [4][5][6]. However, few are the literary findings on the incidence and prevalence of HA, that is, after a systematic review of the present study, only 74 scientific papers on HA was found of 245 of the total on cardiac tumors.…”

“…Thus, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can mimic a cardiac tumor and share similar histological findings with an HA, especially when smaller surgical or biopsy specimens are available. However, mass HCM is distinguished from HA by lack of vascularization, more diffuse myocardial involvement and septal tract characteristic [5,6]. In addition, HCM presents varying degrees of contractility, whereas a mass of HA does not present normal contraction [2].…”

“…However, fibroids are poorly vascularized, late in the increase, and contain calcifications [2,5]. In addition, some cardiac hemangiomas may contain fat, fibrous tissue, calcifications; however, cardiomyocytes may appear more hyperintense than HAs in MRI [2,5]. However, once the diagnosis is established, it becomes amenable to surgical resection [10].…”

“…Exhaustive tumor sampling will be required to characterize histology and make an accurate diagnosis, and metastases are more common than primary neoplasms [5,13]. The morphological characteristics and the clinical location can identify the five types of these lesions that are Rhabdomyoma, Histiocytoid Heart Disease, Lipomatous Hamartoma in the Atrial Septal, Lipomatous Hamartoma in the Heart Valves and Hamartoma in Cardiomyocytes [5,7].…”

“…The morphological characteristics and the clinical location can identify the five types of these lesions that are Rhabdomyoma, Histiocytoid Heart Disease, Lipomatous Hamartoma in the Atrial Septal, Lipomatous Hamartoma in the Heart Valves and Hamartoma in Cardiomyocytes [5,7]. There is still little description in the literature of the histological characteristics of the lesions.…”