Lipids in Ginseng (Panax ginseng) and Their Analysis

Abstract

− Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is recognized as one of the most valuable medicinal herbs in Asia and it contains diverse phytochemicals that contribute to its pharmacological effects. Although lipids represent a major component of ginseng, ginseng lipids are still far from being fully explored. This review is focused on ginseng lipid components and methodologies of their analysis. The ginseng lipid compounds were categorized according to the structural features of each lipid class. This basic information on ginseng lipid components and the analysis methods will be applicable to authentification or quality control of ginseng products, and development of lipidbased pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals from ginseng.

Anticancer Activities of Ginsenosides, the Main Active Components of Ginseng

“…Carbohydrates in ginseng include polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, sugar, fiber, and pectin, with the largest and active carbohydrates being polysaccharides, comprising 50–60% of ginseng components [ 33 , 35 ]. The next major components in ginseng are nitrogen-containing compounds—protein, peptides, amino acids, nucleic acids, and alkaloids [ 36 ], while fat soluble components consist of fatty acids, essential oils, phytosterol, organic acids, phenolics, and polyacetylenes [ 37 ]. However, saponins are the most studied bioactive components of ginseng.…”

Discrimination for geographical origin of Panax quinquefolius L. using UPLC Q‐Orbitrap MS‐based metabolomics approach

“…As a well-known medicinal plant, American ginseng is consumed as dietary supplements and functional food with a large market demand. It is famous for a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, antioxidative, antiaging, antifatigue, and enhancement of memory and immunity effects (Cheong et al, 2014;Hwang et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2018;Kwok, 2011;Qi et al, 2010Qi et al, , 2011Riaz et al, 2019;Tan et al, 2013). Various chemical constituents, including ginsenosides, lipids, polysaccharides, organic acids, amino acids, phenolic acids, and vitamins, have been identified in American ginseng, which was responsible for multiple efficacy (Guo et al, 2015;Hou, 1977;Lin et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2015).…”