Lipids in biocalcification: contrasts and similarities between intimal and medial vascular calcification and bone by NMR

Effects of bioactive lipids and lipoproteins on bone

“…Using solid-state NMR technique, Reid and colleagues recently identified fatty acyl lipids in calcified bone. 15 The relative abundance of methyl branched fatty acids in this lipid pool suggest that they are remnants of lipoprotein particles and not of phospholipid membrane. 15 In addition, lipoproteins are vehicles for carrying fat-soluble vitamins in their lipid core, such as vitamins D and K, which have key roles in bone metabolism.…”

Selective detection and complete identification of triglycerides in cortical bone by high-resolution1H MAS NMR spectroscopy

“…A comprehensive AFM (atomic-force microscopy) study on the cortical bone of bovine tibia showed that a layer of round lipid particles cover the collagen fibrils, which explains the relatively high concentration of these apolar lipids in cortical bone; 26 however, the exact components of these lipids were not clearly identified in that study. Recently, Reid et al used NMR spectroscopy to identify fatty acyl-rich lipids in the minerals from three calcified tissues (intimal vascular, medial vascular, and human and equine bones), 27 in which the relative abundance of methyl-substituted fatty acids might indicate that they are residuals of lipoprotein particles and not of phospholipid membranes. In the current study, we show that a magic angle spinning (MAS) 1 H-based constant-time 2D NMR experiment can be used to selectively detect and characterize triglycerides present in cortical bone by taking advantage of the dynamical differences among various molecular species for suppressing signal contributions from other components of bone.…”

The contribution of solid-state NMR spectroscopy to understanding biomineralization: Atomic and molecular structure of bone

“…Although vascular calcification is a pathological process, our initial work in this area showed that the mineral -organic interface is very bone-like, at least as characterized by NMR spectroscopy [61]. There are now many papers showing the similarities in the native physiological process in bone and the pathological one in vascular tissue, including even similarities in the distribution of lipid compositions in medial vascular calcification as measured by NMR spectroscopy [62]. Thus it is a reasonable supposition that any progress that NMR spectroscopy can make in understanding normal bone mineralization will result in further understanding in the pathology of hardening of the arteries also.…”