Lipids in Bacterial Taxonomy - A Taxonomist's View

Lechevalier, Mary P.; Moss, C W

doi:10.3109/10408417709102311

Cited by 404 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 313 publications

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“…The fatty acid profile is an additional useful chemotaxonomic characteristic and is determined by gas-liquid chromatography (118,306,336). This analysis includes determination of the composition and characterization of the majority of fatty acids (located in the cell membrane as glycolipid and phospholipid) and tuberculostearic acid, which is a useful marker that is not present in Cotynebacterium spp.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McNEIL AND BROWN (Table 1). Currently, the chemotaxonomic criteria used to assign bacteria to the genus Nocardia include the presence of the meso isomer of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) and whole-cell sugars, arabinose and galactose (cell wall type IV) (331); intermediate-chain mycolic acids (46 to 60 carbons) (11,88,89,201,203,335); a fatty acid profile showing major amounts of straight-chain, unsaturated, and tuberculostearic acids (336); and the presence of a menaquinone fraction containing a tetrahydrogenated menaquinone with eight isoprene units as the predominant isoprenoic quinone (119,649,650). Tests that have established the heterogeneity of N. asteroides include numerical taxonomy (48,394,431,600), mycolic acid analysis by gas chromatography (651), DNA relatedness (651), and antimicrobial resistance patterns (625).…”

Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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The aerobic actinomycetes are soil-inhabiting microorganisms that occur worldwide. In 1888, Nocard first recognized the pathogenic potential of this group of microorganisms. Since then, several aerobic actinomycetes have been a major source of interest for the commercial drug industry and have proved to be extremely useful microorganisms for producing novel antimicrobial agents. They have also been well known as potential veterinary pathogens affecting many different animal species. The medically important aerobic actinomycetes may cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular in highly susceptible severely immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients and patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. However, the diagnosis of these infections may be difficult, and effective antimicrobial therapy may be complicated by antimicrobial resistance. The taxonomy of these microorganisms has been problematic. In recent revisions of their classification, new pathogenic species have been recognized. The development of additional and more reliable diagnostic tests and of a standardized method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the application of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and subtyping of these microorganisms are needed to better diagnose and treat infected patients and to identify effective control measures for these unusual pathogens. We review the epidemiology and microbiology of the major medically important aerobic actinomycetes.

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Section: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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“…Phospholipids are rapidly degraded by endogenous and exogenous phospholipases upon cell death, which makes them reliable measure of viable cell biomass (White et al, 1979). Under the conditions expected in naturally occurring communities, phospholipids make up a relatively constant proportion of the biomass of organisms (Lechevalier, 1989). The analysis of PLFA profile provides a rapid and inexpensive way of characterizing microbial community structures (Cavigelli et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Structure of Paddy Soil Under Long-term Fertilizer Treatment Using Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) Analysis

Daquiado¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

2013

Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer

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Understanding the microbial community structure of agricultural soils is important for better soil management in order to improve soil quality. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis has been popularly used in determining the microbial community structure in different ecosystems. The microbial community structure of paddy soil under long-term fertilizer treatments was investigated after 45 years using PLFA analysis. Treatments were control (no fertilization, Con), compost (COM), NPK, NPK+compost (NPKC), PK, NK, and NP. Soil chemical properties were mainly affected by the addition of compost and inorganic P fertilizer. Total nitrogen and organic matter contents were significantly higher in treatments with compost while available P 2 O 5 and exchangeable calcium were significantly higher in treatments with added inorganic P fertilizer. It was found that microbial communities were responsive to the different fertilizer treatments. PLFA results showed that the soils were dominated by gram-negative bacteria, followed by the actinomycetes, then gram-positive bacteria, and fungi. Principal component analysis of the soil chemical properties and PLFA composition proved to be a more reliable tool because it was more responsive to the changes in soil chemical properties.

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“…The similarity in features may lead to misdiagnosis, and the distinction between these species has been questioned. Gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids has become an important tool for taxonomic differentiation between facultative bacteria (17,24). Examinations of bound whole-cell fatty acids (3,5,7,12) and fatty acids in lipopolysaccharide and lipid A (6) from A .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes: Differentiation Between Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Haemophilus aphrophilus by High-Resolution, Two-Dimensional Protein Electrophoresis

Jellum

Tingelstad

Olsen

1984

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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The cellular proteins of eight strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and seven strains of Haemophilus aphrophilus were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and silver staining. The electrophoretic patterns of A . actinomycetemcomitans and H . aphrophilus were so different that distinction between these closely related bacteria could easily be made. There were also minor quantitative and qualitative differences in the protein patterns of strains within both species, enabling, particularly, A . actinomycetemcomitans strains FDC 2097 and FDC Y4 and H . aphrophilus strains ATCC 19415, FDC 626, and FDC 621 to be singled out.

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Lipids in Bacterial Taxonomy - A Taxonomist's View

Cited by 404 publications

References 313 publications

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

Microbial Community Structure of Paddy Soil Under Long-term Fertilizer Treatment Using Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) Analysis

Notes: Differentiation Between Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Haemophilus aphrophilus by High-Resolution, Two-Dimensional Protein Electrophoresis

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