Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Gonads of Sea Urchin Diadema setosum (Echinodermata) From the Coastal Area of the Nha Trang Bay, Central Vietnam

Abstract

The sea urchin Diadema setosum is edible and desirable as food by locals in central Vietnam and a promising target for potential fishing. The lipid profiles of the gonads of the sea urchin inhabiting the coastal area in Nha Trang Bay are studied for the first time. The determination of the content of the total lipids (TL), total phospholipids (PL), monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols (DAG), triacylglycerols (TAG), cholesterol (Chol), sterol esters, and free fatty acids (FFA) is analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC); the phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and sphingomyelin (SM) are determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC); and the fatty acid levels of TLs are identified using gas chromatography (GC). Non-polar TAG, FFA, Chol, and DAG dominated. The content of total PL is significant. PC is abundant among PL fractions, followed by PE, PI, and PS. The TLs contain a high proportion of PUFA, mainly due to arachidonic fatty acid and eicosapentanoic fatty acid. The (n−6)/(n−3) ratio is 1.68, and the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes of D. setosum are 1.13 and 0.73. The results can be used in the development of marine bioprospecting and methodological approaches for the creation of functional substances.

Comprehensive Lipid Profile of Eight Echinoderm Species by RPLC–Triple TOF-MS/MS

“…Although the content of DAG was much lower than that of TAG, there was abundant PUFA in DAG with the dominant molecular species DAG(36:4) and DAG(40:10). A high percentage of PUFA was contained in GLs, which was consistent with the findings in sea urchin Diadema setosum . Moreover, the primary FAs were C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in mammals, the biological activity of which was not as good as PUFA from marine sources.…”

Proximate and Mineral Composition of the Long Spined Sea Urchin (Diadema setosum) Roe

“…Lipid content of D. setosum ranged between 20.2% and 26.2% in the present study. This supported by previous study on the lipid content of D. setosum collected from central Vietnam was found to be 25.0% [44]. On the other hand, previous research observed a lower lipid content on the urchins available in Nagasaki and Kenya [42] and Kenya [41].…”

Nutritional Value of Sea Urchin Roe (Strongylocentrotidae)—Study of Composition and Storage Conditions

“…Similar to the studies of Dincer and Cakli [23], we showed the highest content of glycine and alanine in our research, whereas the third most common amino acid was arginine, which the quoted authors did not identify. A more precise comparison is made difficult by the difference in the units in which the amino acid content is given in both studies [25].…”