Lipidomics Biomarkers of Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Its Treatment with Poria cocos

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Poria cocos (PC) is a medicinal product widely used in Asia. This study was undertaken to define the alterations of lipid metabolites in rats fed a high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia and to explore efficacy and mechanism of action of PC in the treatment of diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Plasma samples were then analyzed using UPLC-HDMS. The untreated rats fed a high-fat diet exhibited significant elevation of plasma triglyceride and total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations. This was associated with marked changes in plasma concentrations of seven fatty acids (palmitic acid, hexadecenoic acid, hexanoylcarnitine, tetracosahexaenoic acid, cervonoyl ethanolamide, 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, and 5,6-DHET) and five sterols [cholesterol ester (18:2), cholesterol, hydroxytestosterone, 19-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone, and cholic acid]. These changes represented disorders of biosynthesis and metabolism of the primary bile acids, steroids, and fatty acids and mitochondrial fatty acid elongation pathways in diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Treatment with PC resulted in significant improvements of hyperlipidemia and the associated abnormalities of the lipid metabolites.

Small molecule inhibitors of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition for the treatment of cancer and fibrosis

“…Poria cocos (Polyporaceae) is a well‐known fungus that exhibits an effective therapeutic effect to improve kidney function in clinic . Our previous studies have confirmed that extracts of the surface layer of Poria cocos show remarkable antihyperlipidemic, diuretic, and renoprotective effects . Recently, our group isolated more than 90 triterpenoid compounds from the surface layer of Poria cocos , some of which exhibited significant antifibrotic properties .…”

“…149,150 Our previous studies have confirmed that extracts of the surface layer of Poria cocos show remarkable antihyperlipidemic, diuretic, and renoprotective effects. [151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158] Recently, our group isolated more than 90 triterpenoid compounds from the surface layer of Poria cocos, some of which exhibited significant antifibrotic properties. [159][160][161] New triterpenoids, including poricoic acid ZC, poricoic acid ZD, and poricoic acid ZE, significantly downregulated the expression of Wnt1, active β-catenin, Snail, Twist, MMP-7, PAI-1, and FSP1 in HK-2 cells induced by TGF-β1 and angiotensin II and mice with unilateral ureteral occlusion 29 (Figure 2 and Table 1).…”

Serum n‐3 Tetracosapentaenoic Acid and Tetracosahexaenoic Acid Increase Following Higher Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid but not Docosahexaenoic Acid

“…However, TPAn-3 and THA concentrations have previously been reported in the liver and brain of felines maintained on a high coconut oil diet for 6 months [17], and have been shown to increase in total lipids in response to dietary DHA in rat brain and liver but were not detected in plasma [18]. Furthermore, the presence of TPAn-3 and/or THA has been reported in kidney [19], serum [20] and plasma [21,22], although concentrations were not reported.…”

Discrimination of Different Parts of Saffron by Metabolomic‐Based Ultra‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High‐Definition Mass Spectrometry

“…Metabolomics afforded a research idea that is similar to the overall concept of TCM . Metabolomics technique has been extensively applied to the study of TCM and natural products . In agreement with the holistic thinking of TCM, metabonomics has shown potential to reveal the biological foundation and mechanism of TCM …”