Lipid Status of A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells after Treatment with Ruthenium Complex Modified with Carbon Dot Nanocarriers: A Multimodal SR-FTIR Spectroscopy and MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Study

Abstract

In the last decade, targeting membrane lipids in cancer cells has been a promising approach that deserves attention in the field of anticancer drug development. To get a comprehensive understanding of the effect of the drug [Ru(η5-Cp)(PPh3)2CN] (RuCN) on cell lipidic components, we combine complementary analytical approaches, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Techniques are used for screening the effect of potential metallodrug, RuCN, without and with drug carriers (carbon dots (CDs) and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs)) on the lipids of the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. MALDI TOF MS results revealed that the lysis of ovarian cancer membrane lipids is promoted by RuCN and not by drug carriers (CDs and N-CDs). Furthermore, SR-FTIR results strongly suggested that the phospholipids of cancer cells undergo oxidative stress after the treatment with RuCN that was accompanied by the disordering of the fatty acid chains. On the other hand, using (N-)CDs as RuCN nanocarriers prevented the oxidative stress caused by RuCN but did not prevent the disordering of the fatty acid chain packing. Finally, we demonstrated that RuCN and RuCN/(N-)CDs alter the hydration of the membrane surface in the membrane–water interface region.

Investigating the biochemical response of proton minibeam radiation therapy by means of synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy

“…Another relevant peak located at 1739 cm -1 originates from the carbonyl ester C=O stretching modes of lipids 27 . Modifications in this band have been reported in cells becoming mainly non-hydrogen bonded and loosing membrane integrity 28 , or with the lipids of cells suffering free radical attacks due to oxidative stress 29 .…”

Metal-doped carbon dots for biomedical applications: From design to implementation

“… – [ 72 ] RuCN/(N-)CDs RuCN Ru balance the anticancer efficiency and resulted in better anticancer outcomes by reducing the oxidative stress associated with cancer progression. 430/560 [ 73 ] CDs@RuCNN-CDs@RuCN – N-CDs@RuCN interacted most actively with the Wnt signalling pathway in A2780 and with PI3–K/Akt in CAL72 cells. – [ 74 ] Au/GdC Gold (III) trihydrate, GdCl 3 , N-acetyl- l -cysteine Au/GdC nanocomposites exhibit paramagnetic properties, surface plasmon resonance in the NIR, high longitudinal relaxation rate (r1 = 13.95 mM −1 s −1 ), and excellent photostability, which can effectively destroy cancer cells.…”

RaMALDI: Enabling simultaneous Raman and MALDI imaging of the same tissue section

“…However, all previous studies involved two separate, consecutive tissue sections -one for RSI and the other one for MALDI MSI [28][29] . Moreover, some studies were limited to spectral comparisons [28][29][30][31][32] . For producing correlated images, postprocessing approaches were applied which required image conversion [33] and extensive image registration [34][35] .…”