Lipid Profile Components and Subclinical Cerebrovascular Disease in the Northern Manhattan Study

Willey, Joshua Z.; Gardener, Hannah; Moon, Yumin; Yoshita, Mitsuhiro; DeCarli, Charles; Cheung, Ying Kuen; Sacco, Ralph L.; Elkind, Mitchell S.V.; Wright, Clinton B.

doi:10.1159/000362920

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This finding supports the report that age is the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases [11]. It also correlates with data obtained from a study done on stroke patients in Northern Manhattan where the mean age was 68.8% [12]. Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Level of Stroke Patients in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria

Akinlua¹,

Asaolu²,

Ojo³

et al. 2019

JBM

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Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress which is as a result of increased activity of free radicals and decreased antioxidant mechanism plays a major role in the pathogenesis of stroke. This study determined the plasma level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress and enzymatic Antioxidants namely, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Catalase (CAT) in sixty stroke patients of both sexes attending Wesley Guide Hospital,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Level of Stroke Patients in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria

Akinlua¹,

Asaolu²,

Ojo³

et al. 2019

JBM

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“…The key limitation of the study was that the depth of vascular ascertainment was shallow. ADNI does not actively recruit participants with high vascular risk burden, so we did not have the statistical power to detect effects of vascular risk as other studies with larger sampling of these conditions have demonstrated ( Hughes et al, 2012 ; de Bruijn et al, 2014 ; Willey et al, 2014 ; Geijselaers et al, 2015 ). Advanced assays and more in-depth documentation of vascular history would provide a more precise characterization of current vascular status and may have provided a clearer picture of which specific processes may be involved in the development of WMHs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Amyloid and Hypertension are Independently Associated with White Matter Lesions in Elderly

Scott

Braskie

Tosun

et al. 2015

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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In cognitively normal (CN) elderly individuals, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are commonly viewed as a marker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). SVD is due to exposure to systemic vascular injury processes associated with highly prevalent vascular risk factors (VRFs) such as hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes. However, cerebral amyloid accumulation is also prevalent in this population and is associated with WMH accrual. Therefore, we examined the independent associations of amyloid burden and VRFs with WMH burden in CN elderly individuals with low to moderate vascular risk. Participants (n = 150) in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) received fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI at study entry. Total WMH volume was calculated from FLAIR images co-registered with structural MRI. Amyloid burden was determined by cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42 levels. Clinical histories of VRFs, as well as current measurements of vascular status, were recorded during a baseline clinical evaluation. We tested ridge regression models for independent associations and interactions of elevated blood pressure (BP) and amyloid to total WMH volume. We found that greater amyloid burden and a clinical history of hypertension were independently associated with greater WMH volume. In addition, elevated BP modified the association between amyloid and WMH, such that those with either current or past evidence of elevated BP had greater WMH volumes at a given burden of amyloid. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cerebral amyloid accumulation and VRFs are independently associated with clinically latent white matter damage represented by WMHs. The potential contribution of amyloid to WMHs should be further explored, even among elderly individuals without cognitive impairment and with limited VRF exposure.

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“…The processing of MRI scans to quantify white matter hyperintensity and cerebral, lateral ventricular, and intracranial volumes, and to identify subclinical brain infarcts, has been described previously. 27 Assessment of LTPA. LTPA was measured using an in-person questionnaire adapted from the National Health Interview Survey of the National Center for Health Statistics.…”

Section: Methods Recruitment Of the Cohort The Northernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leisure-time physical activity associates with cognitive decline

et al. 2016

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Objective: Because leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is protective against incident dementia, we hypothesized that LTPA is protective against decline in domain-specific cognitive performance.Methods: As part of the Northern Manhattan Study, LTPA was ascertained at enrollment using a validated in-person questionnaire. We assessed cognition in participants in the Northern Manhattan Study MRI substudy using a standard neuropsychological examination (NPE) (n 5 1,228), and a repeat examination was performed 5 years later (n 5 876). LTPA was summarized as the maximum intensity of any activity performed, classified as none to light intensity (physical inactivity) (90%) vs moderate to heavy intensity (10%). The NPE was subcategorized using standardized z scores over validated domains: processing speed, semantic memory, episodic memory, and executive function. We used multivariable linear regression models to examine the association of LTPA with initial and change in cognitive performance. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and MRI findings (white matter hyperintensity volume, silent brain infarcts, cerebral volume).Results: No/low levels of LTPA were associated with worse executive function, semantic memory, and processing speed scores on the first NPE. The associations were slightly attenuated and no longer significant after adjusting for vascular risk factors. Cognitively unimpaired participants reporting no/low LTPA vs moderate/high levels declined more over With an expected increase in the mean age and proportion of the population older than 65 years, the public health burden of cognitive impairment and dementia will become substantial.1 There is substantial evidence for a contribution of subclinical cerebrovascular disease to dementia, both through direct vascular injury to the brain and/or modification of neurodegenerative processes. Increasing leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is one target for dementia prevention because it is modifiable, does not require the use of medications, and provides substantial benefits for other diseases of aging.Prior studies have shown associations between LTPA and cognitive performance, 2-8 and a recent meta-analysis 9 has demonstrated a dose-response association between LTPA and subsequent risk of dementia. These studies tend to show a protective effect on only vascular dementia or on Alzheimer disease alone.10,11 Not all groups have documented an association between physical activity and cognition in older individuals. 5,12,13 Randomized clinical trials of LTPA *These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Lipid Profile Components and Subclinical Cerebrovascular Disease in the Northern Manhattan Study

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Level of Stroke Patients in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Level of Stroke Patients in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria

Cerebral Amyloid and Hypertension are Independently Associated with White Matter Lesions in Elderly

Leisure-time physical activity associates with cognitive decline

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