Lipid Peroxidation Potential and Antioxidants in the Heart Tissue of .BETA.-Alanine- or Taurine-Treated Old Rats

Parildar, Hande; Doğru‐Abbasoğlu, Semra; Mehmetçik, Güldal; Özdemirler, Gül; Koçak‐Toker, Necla; Uysal, Müjdat

doi:10.3177/jnsv.54.61

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The treatment caused a 77% decrease in the concentration of taurine in the LV. This decrease in taurine concentration is higher than those observed by Parildar et al [14] and Dawson Jr. et al [15] (20% and 50% respectively). The difference can be explained by the age of the animals used in the experimental protocols.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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Atrophic Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Taurine Deficiency in Wistar Rats

et al. 2012

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IntroductionMicronutrient deficiency is observed in heart failure patients. Taurine, for example, represents 50% of total free amino acids in the heart, and in vivo studies have linked taurine deficiency with cardiomyopathy.MethodsThirty-four male Wistar rats (body weight = 100 g) were weighed and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Control (C) or taurine-deficient (T (-)). Beta-alanine at a concentration of 3% was added to the animals’ water to induce taurine deficiency in the T (-) group. On day 30, the rats were individually submitted to echocardiography; morphometrical and histopathological evaluation and metalloproteinase activity, oxidative stress and inflammation evaluation were performed. Tissue samples were collected to determine the taurine concentration in the heart.ResultsTaurine deficiency led to decreases in: ventricular wall thickness, left ventricle dry weight, myocyte sectional area, left ventricle posterior wall thickness and ventricular geometry. With regard to heart function, the velocity of the A wave, the ratio between the E and A wave, the ejection fraction, fractional shortening and cardiac output values were decreased in T (-) rats, suggesting abnormal diastolic and systolic function. Increased fibrosis, inflammation and increased activation of metalloproteinases were not observed. Oxidative stress was increased in deficient animals.ConclusionsThese data suggest that taurine deficiency promotes structural and functional cardiac alterations with unique characteristics.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…The animals were housed in individual cages; their feeding was monitored daily, and water was administered ad libitum . In group T (-), 3% β-alanine (diluted in water), a well known antagonist of taurine transport, was administered [14], [15]. The consumption of water or solution was measured every other day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrophic Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Taurine Deficiency in Wistar Rats

et al. 2012

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“…In this study, we also determined that taurine administration significantly elevated spleen taurine content in both taurine and taurine?endotoxemia groups, a similar finding as previous studies. Parildar et al [47,48] used a rat model to investigate the influence of chronic taurine treatment on prooxidant-antioxidant balance in several tissues. They reported that taurine levels were significantly increased in the brain, heart and liver tissues of taurine-treated rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Taurine on Nitric Oxide and 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels in Spleen During Endotoxemia

et al. 2011

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Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a free sulfur-containing β-amino acid which has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and detoxificant properties. In the present study, the role of endotoxemia on peroxynitrite formation via 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) detection, and the possible antioxidant effect of taurine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated guinea pigs were aimed. 40 adult male guinea pigs were divided into four groups; control, endotoxemia, taurine and taurine+endotoxemia. Animals were administered taurine (300 mg/kg), LPS (4 mg/kg) or taurine plus LPS intraperitoneally. After 6 h of incubation, when highest blood levels of taurine and endotoxin were attained, the animals were sacrificed and spleen samples were collected. The amounts of 3-nitrotyrosine and taurine were measured by HPLC, and reactive nitrogen oxide species (NOx) which are stable end products of nitric oxide was measured spectrophotometrically in spleen tissues. LPS administration significantly decreased the concentration of taurine whilst increased levels of 3-NT and NOx compared with control group. It was determined that taurine treatment decreased the levels of 3-nitrotyrosine and NOx in taurine+endotoxemia group. The group in which taurine was administered alone, contradiction to well-known antioxidant effect, taurine caused elevated concentration of 3-NT and NOx. This data suggest that taurine protects spleen against oxidative damage in endotoxemic conditions. However, the effect of taurine is different when it is administered alone. In conclusion, taurine may act as an antioxidant during endotoxemia, and as a prooxidant in healthy subjects at this dose.

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“…In the context of taurine having major cellular effects during cardiac insults, this work suggests that LV of diabetics is likely to show similar vulnerability to reperfusion injury compared to non-diabetics. However, the right ventricle of non-diabetics with low taurine could be either preconditioned and more resistant to insults (Allo et al 1997) or more vulnerable due to less available taurine to help efflux accumulated Na + and to oppose oxidative stress and apoptotic death (Chapman et al 1993; Suleiman et al 1992) (Parildar et al 2008; Schaffer et al 2010, 2014; Takahashi et al 2003; Takatani et al 2004a, [b]). Interestingly, taurine deficiency, rather than accumulation, has been implicated in the development of cardiomyopathy (Ito et al 2008) and therefore it can be argued that taurine accumulation is in fact an adaptation to disease development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac taurine and principal amino acids in right and left ventricles of patients with either aortic valve stenosis or coronary artery disease: the importance of diabetes and gender

et al. 2014

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Free intracellular taurine and principal α-amino acids (glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, asparagine and alanine) are abundant in human heart. They are cellular regulators and their concentration can change in response to disease and cardiac insults and have been shown to differ between hypertrophic left ventricle (LV) and the relatively "normal" right ventricle (RV) in patients with aortic valve stenosis (AVS). This difference has not been shown for coronary artery disease (CAD) and there are no studies that have simultaneously compared amino acid content in LV and RV from different pathologies. In this study we investigated the effect of disease on taurine and principal amino acids in both LV and RV, measured in myocardial biopsies collected from patients with either AVS (n = 22) or CAD (n = 36). Amino acids were extracted and measured using HPLC. Intra-and inter-group analysis was performed as well as subgroup analysis focusing on gender in AVS and type 2 diabetes in CAD. LV of both groups has significantly higher levels of taurine compared to RV. This difference disappears in both diabetic CAD patients and in male AVS patients. Alanine was the only α-amino acid to be altered by diabetes. LV of female AVS patients had significantly more glutamate, aspartate and asparagine than corresponding RV, whilst no difference was seen between LV and RV in males. LV of females has higher glutamate and glutamine and less metabolic stress than LV of males. This work shows that in contrast to LV, RV responds differently to disease which can be modulated by gender and diabetes.

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Lipid Peroxidation Potential and Antioxidants in the Heart Tissue of .BETA.-Alanine- or Taurine-Treated Old Rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Atrophic Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Taurine Deficiency in Wistar Rats

Atrophic Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Taurine Deficiency in Wistar Rats

Effects of Taurine on Nitric Oxide and 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels in Spleen During Endotoxemia

Cardiac taurine and principal amino acids in right and left ventricles of patients with either aortic valve stenosis or coronary artery disease: the importance of diabetes and gender

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