Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants in Arterial Hypertension

Sousa, Teresa; Afonso, Joana; Albino‐Teixeira, António; Carvalho, Félix

doi:10.5772/50346

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 312 publications

(405 reference statements)

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“…We did not observe significant changes in urinary excretion of H 2 O 2 , a non-radical ROS that has been highlighted as a paracrine mediator of cardiovascular and renal dysfunction (27,54) . Although we did not find any association between H 2 O 2 and the cardiovascular and renal parameters analysed, H 2 O 2 was positively correlated with other oxidative stress (U-Isop) and NO production markers (U-NOx).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Despite the absence of differences in plasma antioxidant capacity across BMI classes, we found that TAS was inversely correlated with markers of pro-oxidant/proinflammatory status, such as U-Isop and serum MPO. Indeed, under conditions of elevated ROS production, the need for neutralisation of these species implies a higher consumption of systemic antioxidants (27) . Quantification of lipid peroxidation markers constitutes the most used approach for the evaluation of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantification of lipid peroxidation markers constitutes the most used approach for the evaluation of oxidative stress. Isoprostanes are primarily derived from the free radical-catalysed peroxidation of arachidonic acid and represent a reliable biomarker of endogenous lipid peroxidation ( 24 , 27 ) . In our study, we measured free isoprostanes in plasma and urine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative stress and nitric oxide are increased in obese children and correlate with cardiometabolic risk and renal function

et al. 2016

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Oxidative stress and nitric oxide (NO) appear to represent important links between obesity and cardiovascular, metabolic and/or renal disease. We investigated whether oxidative stress and NO production/metabolism are increased in overweight and obese prepubertal children and correlate with cardiometabolic risk and renal function. We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of 313 children aged 8-9 years. Anthropometrics, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), insulin resistance (homoeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR)), inflammatory/metabolic biomarkers, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), plasma and urinary isoprostanes (P-Isop, U-Isop), urinary hydrogen peroxide (U-H 2 O 2 ), and plasma and urinary nitrates and nitrites (P-NOx, U-NOx) were compared among normal weight, overweight and obese groups, according to WHO BMI z-score reference. U-Isop were increased in the obese group, whereas U-NOx were increased in both overweight and obese children. U-Isop were positively correlated with U-H 2 O 2 , myeloperoxidase (MPO), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, HOMA-IR and TAG. TAS correlated negatively with U-Isop and MPO and positively with PWV. HOMA-IR and U-H 2 O 2 were associated with higher U-Isop, independently of BMI and eGFR, and total cholesterol and U-H 2 O 2 were associated with U-NOx, independently of BMI, eGFR values and P-NOx concentration. In overweight and obese children, eGFR decreased across P-NOx tertiles (median: 139·3 (25th, 75th percentile 128·0, 146·5), 128·0 (25th, 75th percentile 121·5, 140·4), 129·5 (25th, 75th percentile 119·4, 138·3), P for linear trend = 0·003). We conclude that oxidant status and NO are increased Abbreviations: ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HOMA-IR, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, NO synthase; P-Isop, plasma isoprostanes; P-NOx, plasma nitrates and nitrites; PWV, pulse wave velocity; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TAS, total antioxidant status; U-H 2 O 2 , urinary hydrogen peroxide; U-Isop, urinary isoprostanes; U-NOx, urinary nitrates and nitrites; WHtR, waist:height ratio.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative stress and nitric oxide are increased in obese children and correlate with cardiometabolic risk and renal function

et al. 2016

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“…Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, exhibits natriuretic effects on normotensive, nonobese animals [43,44]. However, the natriuretic response to the infusion of leptin appears to be attenuated in animal models of arterial hypertension or obesity [43][44][45], which are known to be associated with oxidative stress [17,[46][47][48][49]. Since the infusion of leptin tends to elevate blood pressure and increased renin levels might contribute to this effect [43,50], experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of leptin on renin release, under normal conditions or during high oxidative stress [43].…”

Section: Ros Renin and The Prorenin Receptormentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System by Reactive Oxygen Species

Morato¹,

Reina‐Couto²,

Pinho³

et al. 2017

Renin-Angiotensin System - Past, Present and Future

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Angiotensin II (Ang II), the major effector of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are critically involved in Ang II-induced effects. Noteworthy, accumulating evidence indicates that ROS also regulate the activation of RAAS, contributing to the fine-tuning of this system under physiological conditions or to the amplification of the deleterious signaling in several pathologies. This chapter aims at giving an overview of the role of ROS in the regulation of expression, secretion and/or activity of several RAAS components.

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“…However, this did not reach statistical significance. Although low anti-oxidant capacity in hypertension is described in prior studies [12], no data available for resistant hypertension specifically. It is possible that increased AOC in this study may be result of reduction of blood pressure in both groups rather than a unique effect of propranolol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of propranolol on nitric oxide and total antioxidant capacity in patients with resistant hypertension—evidence from the APPROPRIATE trial

et al. 2020

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Objectives: The objective was to assess the effect of propranolol on oxidative stress and anti-oxidant potential in patients with resistant hypertension as a secondary analysis of the APPROPRIATE trial. This randomized double blinded clinical trial recruited patients with resistant hypertension and allocated forty patients to propranolol and placebo in 1:1 ratio. The pro-oxidant state (nitrate and nitrite) was assessed using modified Griess assay. The total anti-oxidant capacity was measured using ABTS assay. Results: Analysis was performed for 18 patients from the propranolol group and 15 from the placebo group. A decline in end point ambulatory blood pressure (p = 0.031) and greater mean reduction in office SBP (29.7 ± 13.0 mmHg, p = 0.021) was noted in the propranolol arm. Nitrate and nitrite levels were lower at the end of a 90 day follow up period in both arms, with a greater mean reduction with propranolol. A significant increase in the AOC was noted in both arms with higher incremental value with Propranolol. The findings of this study do not demonstrate a statistically significant effect of propranolol on the oxidative stress/antioxidant balance in patients with resistant hypertension. The observed trends merit further evaluation.

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Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants in Arterial Hypertension

Cited by 13 publications

References 312 publications

Oxidative stress and nitric oxide are increased in obese children and correlate with cardiometabolic risk and renal function

Oxidative stress and nitric oxide are increased in obese children and correlate with cardiometabolic risk and renal function

Regulation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System by Reactive Oxygen Species

The impact of propranolol on nitric oxide and total antioxidant capacity in patients with resistant hypertension—evidence from the APPROPRIATE trial

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