Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in adults receiving lipid-based home parenteral nutrition

Pironi, Loris; Ruggeri, E; Zolezzi, Carola; Savarino, L.; Incasa, Elena; Belluzzi, Andrea; Munarini, Alessandra; Piazzi, S.; Tolomelli, Maurizio; Pizzoferrato, Alberto; Miglioli, M.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/68.4.888

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These data, and those of others, suggest that provision of vitamin E in amounts twice those recommended for intravenous vitamin E (10 mg/d; 47) is not sufficient to maintain plasma ␣-tocopherol concentrations in either critically ill or stable PN-dependent patients (22). However, changes in plasma concentrations of vitamin E and other nutrients do not themselves define deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Several investigators have shown that conventional lipid emulsions containing largely unsaturated fatty acids are possible sources of peroxidative products (22)(23)(24)(25). In PN-dependent and healthy adults, short-term lipid infusions administered alone significantly elevated lipid peroxidation, as indicated by breath-pentane output (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to an oxidative stress state during chemotherapy and BMT, there is evidence to suggest that antioxidant requirements may be increased in PN-dependent patients. Several studies showed that the lipid emulsions and L-amino acids used in standard PN solutions are susceptible to oxidation under usual storage conditions and produce reactive lipid peroxides and hydrogen peroxide (22)(23)(24)(25)(26). These oxidative products may stimulate oxidative processes in vivo (22)(23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma antioxidant status after high-dose chemotherapy: a randomized trial of parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplantation patients

Jonas

Puckett

Jones

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

142

107

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Background: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy result in increased free radical formation and depletion of tissue antioxidants. It is not known whether parenteral nutrition (PN) administered during bone marrow transplantation (BMT) supports systemic antioxidant status. Objective: The aims of the study were to determine 1) whether high-dose chemotherapy decreases concentrations of major circulating antioxidants in patients undergoing BMT and 2) whether administration of standard PN maintains systemic antioxidant concentrations compared with PN containing micronutrients and minimal lipids alone. Design: Twenty-four BMT patients were randomly assigned to receive either standard PN containing conventional amounts of dextrose, amino acids, micronutrients, and lipid (120 kJ/d) or a solution containing only micronutrients (identical to those in standard PN) and a small amount of lipid (12 kJ/d). Plasma antioxidant status was measured before conditioning therapy and serially at days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after BMT. Results: Plasma glutathione (GSH) and ␣-and ␥-tocopherol concentrations decreased and the GSH redox state became more oxidized after conditioning chemotherapy. Plasma cysteine concentrations were unchanged, whereas cystine concentrations increased. Plasma vitamin C and zinc concentrations and GSH peroxidase activity increased over time. Plasma ␣-tocopherol concentrations were lower in patients given standard PN. There were no differences in other plasma antioxidants between groups. Conclusions: A significant decline in GSH-glutathione disulfide, cysteine-cystine, and vitamin E status occurs after chemotherapy and BMT. Standard PN does not improve antioxidant status compared with administration of micronutrients alone. Further evaluation of PN formulations to support patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and BMT are needed.Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:181-9.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma antioxidant status after high-dose chemotherapy: a randomized trial of parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplantation patients

Jonas

Puckett

Jones

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

142

107

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“…Oxidized EPA was 1.78M MDA in 100 M EPA, 12 which is in the range seen in plasma of humans (1.52-3.45 M MDA) and animals (1.93 M MDA) fed fish oil diets. [27][28][29][30][31] Unoxidized EPA diluted in PBS to 100 M and exposed to air (but not additional oxidizing agents) for 2 days at 37°C also showed significant oxidation (1.44 M MDA), which highlights the propensity for this highly polyunsaturated fatty acid to oxidize.…”

Section: Generation Of Oxidized Epamentioning

confidence: 96%

Oxidized omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil inhibit leukocyte-endothelial interactions through activation of PPARα

Sethi

Ziouzenkova

et al. 2002

Blood

144

126

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Omega-3 fatty acids, which are abundant in fish oil, improve the prognosis of several chronic inflammatory diseases although the mechanism for such effects remains unclear. These fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are highly polyunsaturated and readily undergo oxidation. We show that oxidized, but not native unoxidized, EPA significantly inhibited human neutrophil and monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro by inhibiting endothelial adhesion receptor expression. In transcriptional coactivation assays, oxidized EPA potently activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ␣ (PPAR␣), a member of the nuclear receptor family. In vivo, oxidized, but not native, EPA markedly reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion to venular endothelium of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. This occurred via a PPAR␣-dependent mechanism because oxidized EPA had no such effect in LPS-treated PPAR␣-deficient mice. Therefore, the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids may be explained by a PPAR␣-mediated anti-inflammatory effect of oxidized EPA. IntroductionConsumption of omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil has been reported to improve the prognosis of several chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by leukocyte accumulation, including atherosclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. [1][2][3][4] Fish oil is also recommended for treatment of IgA nephropathy, the most common form of primary renal disease worldwide. 5,6 Several studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may reduce the inflammatory response by attenuating leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall. [7][8][9] However, the primary mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of fish oil remains unclear. 10 Omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are highly polyunsaturated and readily undergo oxidation. 11 This suggests the possibility that oxidized omega-3 fatty acids may be an important component of the observed anti-inflammatory effects of fish oil. Indeed, Sethi and colleagues showed that oxidized EPA and DHA are more potent than native fatty acids in reducing RNA levels of leukocyte adhesion receptors and the adhesion of leukocyte cell lines to endothelial cells in vitro. 12 Polyunsaturated fatty acids may exert their effects in cells by activation of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPARs). PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate genes important in cell differentiation and various metabolic processes. Known PPAR isoforms include PPAR␥, important in lipoprotein metabolism, adipogenesis, and insulin sensitivity; PPAR␣, implicated in fatty acid metabolism; and PPAR␦, about which the least is known. 13,14 Synthetic PPAR␣ ligands such as fibrates (eg, fenofibric acid) are used in patients to lower triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Synthetic PPAR␥ ligands such as thiazolidinediones (eg, rosiglitazone) are insulin-sensitizing drugs used in the treatment of diabetes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids...

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“…Indeed, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is induced in rabbit aortic endothelium in vivo within 1 wk after initiation of an atherogenic diet (20). Finally, peroxidation of exogenous lipids can stimulate leukocyte adhesion through a superoxide-dependent step and induce endothelial injury (21,22). The above-mentioned mechanisms might be involved in the genesis of arterial dysfunction in children on PN with lipid emulsions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Function and Mechanical Properties of the Common Carotid Artery in Children on Parenteral Nutrition

et al. 2004

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Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in adults receiving lipid-based home parenteral nutrition

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

Plasma antioxidant status after high-dose chemotherapy: a randomized trial of parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplantation patients

Plasma antioxidant status after high-dose chemotherapy: a randomized trial of parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplantation patients

Oxidized omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil inhibit leukocyte-endothelial interactions through activation of PPARα

Endothelial Function and Mechanical Properties of the Common Carotid Artery in Children on Parenteral Nutrition

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