Lipid Metabolism of Brain Tissue in Culture

Jh, Menkes

doi:10.1002/9780470719862.ch11

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…However, different to other tissues, oleic acid in brain phospholipids did not correlate with this fatty acid in the TPN emulsions or milk replacer, and its precursor, stearic acid shows the highest proportion in brain phospholipids than in any of the other tissues studied. Although we have not measured the actual rate of lipogenesis, these findings indicate an active elongase process in brain allowing the efficient conversion of palmitic acid into stearic acid, and the efficient D6 desaturation of the later, all of which agree with the active lipid metabolism known to take place in brain [46], and with the high stearoyl-CoA desaturase present in brain during the perinatal period [47]. The correlation between the proportion of tissue fatty acids and those present in the TPN emulsions and milk replacer were particularly significant for the PUFA, which agrees with similar previously described findings in adipose tissue [48].…”

Section: Relationship Between the Fatty Acid Profiles Of The Tpn Emulsupporting

confidence: 70%

Influence of Fatty Acid Profile of Total Parenteral Nutrition Emulsions on the Fatty Acid Composition of Different Tissues of Piglets

Amusquivar¹,

Sánchez²,

Hyde³

et al. 2008

Lipids

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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) studies in human babies of very-low-birth-weight suggest that the lipid emulsions currently available are not optimum for neonatal nutrition. Since fatty acid metabolism in human and pigs is very similar, the present study examines how lipid emulsions used in clinical TPN (i.e. ClinOleic, Intralipid, Lipofundin or Omegaven), with different fatty acid compositions, administered to neonatal piglets for 7 days, influenced their tissue fatty acid composition as compared to those enterally fed with a sow milk replacer. A positive linear relationship was found between the proportion of all individual fatty acids in the lipid emulsions or in the milk replacer versus those in plasma, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, liver, heart, pancreas, stomach or intestine total lipids or in brain phospholipids, the latter showing the lowest correlation coefficient. With the exception of brain, the proportion of either oleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid in the individual tissues was correlated with those present in the corresponding lipid emulsion or milk replacer, whereas the proportion of linoleic acid correlated significantly with all the tissues studied. With the exception of brain phospholipids, both eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were higher in the tissues of piglets receiving Omegaven than in all other groups. In conclusion, with the exception of the brain, fatty acid composition of plasma and different tissues in piglets are strongly influenced by the fatty acid profile of TPN emulsions. Fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids are, however, much less influenced by dietary composition, indicating an active and efficient metabolism that ensures its appropriate composition at this key stage of development.

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Section: Relationship Between the Fatty Acid Profiles Of The Tpn Emulsupporting

confidence: 70%