Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors

Buccioni, Arianna; Decandia, M.; Minieri, Sara; Molle, G.; Cabiddu, A.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.009

Cited by 272 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 189 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…As hypothesized in the current study and as exemplified in numerous studies recently reviewed by Buccioni et al (2012), the high-PPO RC treatment resulted in a significant reduction in biohydrogenation with a greater protection of PUFA across the rumen. In contrast, the high-PPO grass CO did not result in a greater protection of PUFA and in fact resulted in a greater loss of PUFA across the rumen.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Metabolism Across the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 70%

The effect of high polyphenol oxidase grass silage on metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and nitrogen across the rumen of beef steers1

Lee

Theobald

Gordon

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in red clover (Trifolium pratense) has been reported to reduce both proteolysis and lipolysis, resulting in greater N use efficiency and protection of PUFA across the rumen. Although high levels of PPO have been reported in grasses such as cocksfoot (orchard grass; Dactylis glomerata), no in vivo research has determined whether grass PPO elicits the same response as red clover PPO. To test the hypothesis that silage ensiled from grass with high levels of PPO protects N and PUFA across the rumen, 6 steers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were offered cocksfoot silage (CO; high-PPO grass), perennial ryegrass silage (PR; Lolium perenne; low-PPO grass), or red clover silage (RC; high-PPO control) at 16 g DM/ kg BW daily with the experiment consisting of two 3 × 3 Latin squares with 21-d periods, consisting of 12 d of diet adaptation, 6 d of duodenal marker infusion, 2 d of duodenal sampling, and 1 d of ruminal sampling. All silages were well preserved, with DM of 34.4, 55.3, and 45.4% for CO, PR, and RC. Activity of PPO in silages was low due to deactivation but was greater in CO than either PR or RC (0.15 vs. 0.05 and 0.08 μkatal/g DM).Protein-bound phenol (mg/g DM) as a measure of the degree of oxidation and an indication of PPO protection was greatest for RC (15.9) but comparable for PR (10.1) and CO (12.2). Biohydrogenation of C18 PUFA was significantly lower on RC compared to the 2 grass silages with CO greater than PR. Despite lower levels of total fatty acid intake and subsequent duodenal flow, CO resulted in greater levels of phytanic acid and total branched and odd chain fatty acids in duodenal digesta than RC or PR. Ruminal ammonia concentration was greatest for RC, with no difference between the grasses. Duodenal flow of microbial N and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were lowest for CO and comparable for RC and PR. The CO (high-grass PPO) did not result in elevated levels of C18 PUFA escaping the rumen or improve efficiency of total N transfer through the rumen compared to PR. The RC resulted in a greater flow of N and nonmicrobial N to the duodenum than the 2 grasses with PR greater than CO.

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Section: Fatty Acid Metabolism Across the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 70%

The effect of high polyphenol oxidase grass silage on metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and nitrogen across the rumen of beef steers1

Lee

Theobald

Gordon

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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“…When biohydrogenation is not completed, intermediates (e.g. t-FA or the isomers of dietary UFA) from the incomplete biohydrogenation of the UFA become available for deposition in the ruminal microorganisms and in the tissues of ruminants (Or-Rashid et al, 2007;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Buccioni et al, 2012;Gudla et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary UFA, especially long-chain PUFA (LPUFA), have several positive and negative effects on rumen metabolism that affect the fermentation pattern, protozoal numbers, nutrient digestion, growth efficiency of microorganisms, and kinetics and site of digestion (Burns et al, 2003;Chikunya et al, 2004;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012aBuccioni et al, 2012). The nutritional quality of lipids in the edible parts of a ruminant's carcass may be enhanced by dietary manipulation strategies that minimize biohydrogenation of the ingested UFA in the rumen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy has been traditionally achieved by the treatment of protein-rich lipid supplements with formaldehyde (Chikunya et al, 2004). LPUFAn-3, abundantly present in fish oils, may provide a natural protection against biohydrogenation by the ruminal microorganisms (Burns et al, 2003;Chow et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006a;Buccioni et al, 2012). Recent studies revealed that selenate (Se VI ) or selenite (Se IV ) changed the contents of the FA, especially the CLA isomers and other conjugated FA, in the ovine ruminal fluid (Sieber et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006b;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012a, the liver, muscles, internal organs and adipose tissues of animals (Czauderna et al, 2004a(Czauderna et al, , b, 2007Korniluk et al, 2006;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Krajewska et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ruminants, dietary vegetable and fish oils disappear in the rumen stomach compartment through lipolysis to free FA (fFA), followed by biohydrogenation of the released unsaturated FA (UFA) (Burns et al, 2003;Lee and Jenkins, 2011;Buccioni et al, 2012). In the rumen, dietary esterified lipids are hydrolyzed to fFA and glycerol as well as, in small concentrations, to mono-and diglycerides by microbial lipases; these lipases are extra-cellular enzymes assembled in small beads (Jenkins et al, 2008;Buccioni et al, 2012). Monoenoic, dienoic, trienoic trans (t) FA (t-FA) and the positional isomers of dietary FA are produced as intermediates during the biohydrogenation of the UFA released from dietary oils.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil

Czauderna¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Marounek³

2013

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The influence of selenite (Se IV ) or selenate (Se VI ) added to ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil (LO) on the profile of fatty acids (FA), particularly conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, was investigated. The ruminal fluid was incubated in vitro at 39°C under CO 2 either alone (the control fluid) or with LO (3.3 mg/ml) or with a combination of LO with either a low (0.167 μg/ml) or high (1.67 μg/ml) level of Se as Se IV or Se VI . LO added to ruminal fluids also provides an extra source of energy. The tubes with the examined fluids were removed after 0, 6, 12, 18, or 24 h of in vitro incubation and then analyzed to determine the FA levels. The lower and higher concentration of Se IV in the fluids with the LO revealed negligible effect on the concentration of the sum of the CLA isomers (∑CLA) in the fluid compared with the fluid with LO alone. The addition of a higher amount of Se IV to the fluid containing LO usually decreased the concentration of ∑CLA compared with the fluid containing the lower concentration of Se IV and LO. The concentration of c9t11c15C18:3 (cLNA) in the fluids with LO, irrespective of the presence of extra Se, increased throughout the incubations, although the addition of Se IV or Se VI to the fluids containing LO numerically reduced the increase of the concentration of cLNA compared with the fluid with LO alone. The concentration sum of the C18:1 isomers (ΣC18:1) in the control fluid numerically decreased throughout the incubations, while LO added to the fluid increased the concentration of ΣC18:1 throughout the incubations. LO added to the fluid, irrespective of the presence of Se IV or Se VI , significantly increased the concentration of ΣC18:1 compared with the control fluid and the fluids with Se IV or Se VI . The concentrations of C16:0 and C18:0 in the control fluid and the fluids containing Se IV or Se VI numerically increased throughout the incubations and were usually lower than in the fluids containing LO without or with Se IV or Se VI . The concentration of C18:3n-3 decreased throughout the incubation of the fluids containing LO, irrespective of the presence of Se IV or Se VI . LO added to the fluids, irrespective of the presence of Se IV or Se VI , increased the concentration of C18:2n-6 compared with the control fluid and the fluids with Se IV or Se VI . The higher concentration of Se IV or Se VI in the fluid with LO most efficiently increased the concentration of c5c8c11c14c17C20:5 compared with the control fluid or the fluids containing LO, irrespective of the presence of the lower concentration of Se IV or Se VI . LO added to the fluid, irrespective of the presence of Se IV or Se VI , increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA compared with the control fluid or the fluids containing Se IV or Se VI .

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Bioactive lipid components from ruminant milk and meat

Szumacher-Strabel

El-Sherbiny

Cieślak

et al. 2015

Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds

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Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors

Cited by 272 publications

References 189 publications

The effect of high polyphenol oxidase grass silage on metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and nitrogen across the rumen of beef steers1

The effect of high polyphenol oxidase grass silage on metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and nitrogen across the rumen of beef steers1

Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil

Bioactive lipid components from ruminant milk and meat

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