Lipid Lowering Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Anethum graveolens L. and Dill Tablet in High Cholesterol Fed Hamsters

Abstract

Objective. This study was aimed to determine the effect of Anethum graveolens extract and Anethum graveolens (dill) tablet on lipid profile, liver enzymes, and gene expression and enzymatic activity of HMG-CoA reductase in high cholesterol fed hamsters. Materials and Methods. Golden Syrian male hamsters (130 ± 10 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6) and received daily the following: group 1 received chow + 2% cholesterol + 0.5% cholic acid (HCD), groups 2 and 3 received HCD diet plus 100 and 200 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of dill, respectively, and groups 4 and 5 received HCD diet plus 100 and 200 mg/kg dill tablet, respectively. Group 6 received only chow. After 1 month feeding serum biochemical factors were determined. HMG-CoA reductase mRNA level was measured (real-time PCR) and its activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Results. Compared with hypercholesterolemic group 1, lipid profile, blood glucose, and liver enzymes significantly decreased in all dill tablet or dill extract treated groups (p < 0.05). The changes in HMG-CoA reductase gene expression level and enzyme activity significantly reduced in animals that received 200 mg/kg of extract or tablet. Conclusion. Dill extract and dill tablet showed potential hypocholesterolemic properties in hamsters by inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity.

The Role ofAnethum graveolensL. (Dill) in the Management of Diabetes

“…Furthermore, some studies suggest that AG may improve the lipid profile by its antioxidant properties [10]. We have also observed that administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg of AG tablet and hydroalcoholic extract of AG in hypercholesterolemic hamsters resulted in significantly reduced HMG-CoA reductase activity and mRNA levels [83]. For the first time, we also showed that AG normalized the lipid profile by decreasing HMG-CoA reductase in the hypercholesterolemic hamsters and type 2 diabetic rats [83].…”

“…We have also observed that administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg of AG tablet and hydroalcoholic extract of AG in hypercholesterolemic hamsters resulted in significantly reduced HMG-CoA reductase activity and mRNA levels [83]. For the first time, we also showed that AG normalized the lipid profile by decreasing HMG-CoA reductase in the hypercholesterolemic hamsters and type 2 diabetic rats [83]. We have also shown that AG increased LDL receptor level in the liver resulting in stimulation of cholesterol clearance from the bloodstream (unpublished data).…”

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