Lipid-lowering drugs and cancer: an updated perspective

Alizadehasl, Azin; Alavi, Maryam Sadat; Boudagh, Shabnam; Alavi, Mohaddeseh Sadat; Mohebi, Somaye; Aliabadi, Leila; Akbarian, Mahsa; Ahmadi, Parisa; Mannarino, Massimo R.; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1007/s43440-023-00553-6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that brates exhibit their anti-cancer effect by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and downregulating vascular endothelial growth factoreffector proteins in various cancers, including HCC. 23 However, clinical studies evaluating the antitumor e cacy of brates are limited and have yielded controversial results. Lee et al 24 reported decreased HCC mortality with brate (or statin) use in geriatric patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes

Cho,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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We evaluated the effects of antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet medications on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients with fatty liver disease (FLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data on 212,443 patients with FLD and T2D, obtained from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, were analyzed. Cohort admission day was set as the date of the first oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) prescription. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that old age, male sex, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, insulin use, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) were significantly correlated with a higher HCC risk, whereas statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was correlated with a lower risk of HCC development. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed according to usage of statin, fibrates, and CCB. Patients who used statins (hazard ratio (HR)=0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.42-0.80, P=0.001) and fibrates (HR=0.46, 95% CI=0.22-0.93, P=0.031) showed a significantly lower HCC risk even after PSM. CCB use was linked to an elevated HCC risk (HR=1.35, 95% CI=1.05-1.72, P=0.019). Statins and fibrates may offer protective effects against HCC development in patients with FLD and T2D, whereas CCBs may increase the risk. Thus, tailored medication strategies are required for the management of chronic conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes

Cho,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…392 Cancers such as gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colon cancer, which exhibit dysregulated lipid metabolism and rely on the mevalonate pathway, highlight the potential of repurposing statin drugs for treating various cancers. [393][394][395] However, the diversity of cancers is equally important. Different cancer types have distinct genetic backgrounds, biomarkers, and microenvironment interactions, leading to varying responses to the same drug.…”

Section: Challenges Of Drug Repurposingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug repurposing for cancer therapy

Xia,

Sun,

Huang

et al. 2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Cancer, a complex and multifactorial disease, presents a significant challenge to global health. Despite significant advances in surgical, radiotherapeutic and immunological approaches, which have improved cancer treatment outcomes, drug therapy continues to serve as a key therapeutic strategy. However, the clinical efficacy of drug therapy is often constrained by drug resistance and severe toxic side effects, and thus there remains a critical need to develop novel cancer therapeutics. One promising strategy that has received widespread attention in recent years is drug repurposing: the identification of new applications for existing, clinically approved drugs. Drug repurposing possesses several inherent advantages in the context of cancer treatment since repurposed drugs are typically cost-effective, proven to be safe, and can significantly expedite the drug development process due to their already established safety profiles. In light of this, the present review offers a comprehensive overview of the various methods employed in drug repurposing, specifically focusing on the repurposing of drugs to treat cancer. We describe the antitumor properties of candidate drugs, and discuss in detail how they target both the hallmarks of cancer in tumor cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment. In addition, we examine the innovative strategy of integrating drug repurposing with nanotechnology to enhance topical drug delivery. We also emphasize the critical role that repurposed drugs can play when used as part of a combination therapy regimen. To conclude, we outline the challenges associated with repurposing drugs and consider the future prospects of these repurposed drugs transitioning into clinical application.

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors Predicting Cardiovascular and Cancer Deaths in a Middle-Aged Population Followed-Up for 61 Years until Extinction

Menotti,

Puddu,

Piras

2024

JCDD

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Background and Aim. To study the relationships of cardiovascular risk factors with cancer and cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of middle-aged men followed-up for 61 years. Materials and Methods. A rural cohort of 1611 cancer- and cardiovascular disease-free men aged 40–59 years was examined in 1960 within the Italian Section of the Seven Countries Study, and 28 risk factors measured at baseline were used to predict cancer (n = 459) and cardiovascular deaths (n = 678) that occurred during 61 years of follow-up until the extinction of the cohort with Cox proportional hazard models. Results. A model with 28 risk factors and cancer deaths as the end-point produced eight statistically significant coefficients for age, smoking habits, mother early death, corneal arcus, xanthelasma and diabetes directly related to events, and arm circumference and healthy diet inversely related. In the corresponding models for major cardiovascular diseases and their subgroups, only the coefficients of age and smoking habits were significant among those found for cancer deaths, to which healthy diet can be added if considering coronary heart disease alone. Following a competing risks analysis by the Fine–Gray method, risk factors significantly common to both conditions were only age, smoking, and xanthelasma. Conclusions. A sizeable number of traditional cardiovascular risk factors were not predictors of cancer death in a middle-aged male cohort followed-up until extinction.

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Lipid-lowering drugs and cancer: an updated perspective

Cited by 3 publications

References 208 publications

Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes

Impact of Antihypertensive, Lipid-Lowering, and Antiplatelet Agents on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes

Drug repurposing for cancer therapy

Cardiovascular Risk Factors Predicting Cardiovascular and Cancer Deaths in a Middle-Aged Population Followed-Up for 61 Years until Extinction

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