Lipid Lowering by Pravastatin Increases Parasympathetic Modulation of Heart Rate

Welzig, Charles M.; Shin, Dong‐Gu; Park, Ho‐Jin; Kim, Young-Jo; Saul, J. Philip; Galper, Jonas B.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000103680.61390.16

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…2. suggesting that G␣ i2 may be a critical mediator of parasympathetic tone, as have we observed (46). How does G␣ i2 modulate vagal heart rate slowing?…”

Section: Tachycardia In Mice With Global G Protein Deletion In G␣ I2supporting

confidence: 59%

The role of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of in vivo heart rate dynamics

Zuberi

Birnbaumer²,

Tinker³

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…2. suggesting that G␣ i2 may be a critical mediator of parasympathetic tone, as have we observed (46). How does G␣ i2 modulate vagal heart rate slowing?…”

Section: Tachycardia In Mice With Global G Protein Deletion In G␣ I2supporting

confidence: 59%

The role of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of in vivo heart rate dynamics

Zuberi

Birnbaumer²,

Tinker³

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Statins are associated with lower risk of arrhythmic events (49) and increased HF component of HRV (50). The mechanisms of this antiarrhythmic properties are unclear, but may include enhanced NO synthase (51), decreased endothelin-1 (52), or other pathways not yet understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione-S-Transferase M1, Obesity, Statins, and Autonomic Effects of Particles

Schwartz¹,

Park²,

OʼNeill

et al. 2005

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

185

177

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Rationale: Air pollution by particulate matter (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular deaths, although the mechanism of action is unclear. One proposed pathway is through disturbances of the autonomic control of the heart. Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that such disturbances are mediated by PM increasing oxidative stress by examining the association between PM and the high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability as modified by the presence or absence of the allele for glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and the use of statins, obesity, high neutrophil counts, higher blood pressure, and older age. Methods: We examined the association between particles less than 2.5 M in aerodiameter (PM 2.5 ) and HF in 497 participants in the Normative Aging Study, using linear regression controlling for covariates. Main Results: A 10-g/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 during the 48 h before HF measurement was associated with a 34% decrease in HF, 95% confidence interval (Ϫ9%, Ϫ52%), in subjects without the allele, but had no effect in subjects with GSTM1 present. Among GSTM1-null subjects, the use of statins eliminated the effect of PM 2.5 . Obesity and high neutrophil counts also worsened the PM effects with or without GSTM1. Conclusion: The effects of PM 2.5 on HF appear to be mediated by reactive oxygen species. This may be a key pathway for the adverse effects of combustion particles.Keywords: genetic polymorphisms; heart rate variability; oxidative stress; particles A large body of evidence has demonstrated that particulate air pollution (PM) is associated with short-term changes in the risk of death (1-6). An early study showed the risk of dead-on-arrival deaths associated with particles was three times that for all deaths (7). This suggests a predominant effect on sudden deaths from arrhythmias and myocardial infarctions. Subsequent studies have confirmed that PM is associated with myocardial infarctions (8, 9),

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“…Recent data have suggested that a formal exercise program within Phase II cardiac rehabilitation may improve HRR (16). Very recently Welzig et al (17) found an intriguing association between administration of statins and improved responsiveness to parasympathetic stimulation.…”

Section: Propensity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Triglyceride–to–HDL Cholesterol Ratio With Heart Rate Recovery

2004

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OBJECTIVE -Insulin resistance is associated with autonomic dysfunction. An attenuated decrease in heart rate after exercise (or heart rate recovery [HRR]) predicts all-cause mortality and is believed to reflect decreased parasympathetic activity. Utilizing triglyceride/HDL cholesterol concentration as a marker of insulin resistance, we sought to assess the association between insulin resistance and HRR.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Our study population included 4,963 healthy adults who participated in the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study and underwent exercise testing. HRR was considered abnormal if it did not drop Ն42 bpm 2 min after completion of exercise. Fasting blood specimens were drawn.RESULTS -Individuals in the highest quartile of triglyceride/HDL cholesterol had a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal HRR (40 vs. 30%, multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.39; P ϭ 0.04). As a continuous variable, an increase in 1 SD of triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio was associated with a greater likelihood of an abnormal HRR, even after adjusting for Ͼ20 covariates (adjusted OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.25; P Ͻ 0.001). During 12 years of follow-up, there were 284 deaths. In age-and sex-adjusted analysis, participants with an abnormal HRR and high triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio had significantly higher mortality than those with a normal HRR and high triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (hazard ratio ϭ 1.49, 95% CI 1.08 -2.04; P ϭ 0.015).CONCLUSIONS -HRR is associated with triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and identifies patients with insulin resistance who are at increased risk of death.

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Lipid Lowering by Pravastatin Increases Parasympathetic Modulation of Heart Rate

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

The role of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of in vivo heart rate dynamics

The role of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of in vivo heart rate dynamics

Glutathione-S-Transferase M1, Obesity, Statins, and Autonomic Effects of Particles

Association of Triglyceride–to–HDL Cholesterol Ratio With Heart Rate Recovery

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