Lipid in the Achilles' tendon

Finlayson, Robert; Woods, Sarah J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(75)90050-7

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lipids appeared throughout the disc, either as isolated spheres or as clusters, and the majority of droplets were smaller than ~1.5 μm in diameter. Lipids have also been observed in other collagen‐rich connective tissues, and various factors, such as age, degeneration, diet, and exercise, have been reported to influence lipid concentration . This study only evaluated lipid content in healthy discs, but it is possible that age and disease will affect the lipid concentration in the disc, based on observations in cartilage and tendon .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipids have also been observed in other collagen-rich connective tissues, and various factors, such as age, degeneration, diet, and exercise, have been reported to influence lipid concentration. [45][46][47][48] This study only evaluated lipid content in healthy discs, but it is possible that age and disease will affect the lipid concentration in the disc, based on observations in cartilage and tendon. 45,49 Additional work is needed to understand the role and concentration of lipids throughout the disc with aging, degeneration, and diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radial variation in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal intervertebral disc

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine caudal discs have been widely used in spine research due to their increased availability, large size, and mechanical and biochemical properties that are comparable to healthy human discs. However, despite their extensive use, the radial variations in bovine disc composition have not yet been rigorously quantified with high spatial resolution. Previous studies were limited to qualitative analyses or provided limited spatial resolution in biochemical properties. Thus, the main objective of this study was to provide quantitative measurements of biochemical composition with higher spatial resolution than previous studies that employed traditional biochemical techniques. Specifically, traditional biochemical analyses were used to measure water, sulfated glycosaminoglycan, collagen, and DNA contents. Gravimetric water content was compared to data obtained through Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Additionally, spatial distribution of lipids in the disc's collagen network was visualized and quantified, for the first time, using multi‐modal second harmonic generation (SHG) and Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman (CARS) microscopy. Some heterogeneity was observed in the nucleus pulposus, where the water content and water‐to‐protein ratio of the inner nucleus were greater than the outer nucleus. In contrast, the bovine annulus fibrosus exhibited a more heterogeneous distribution of biochemical properties. Comparable results between orthohydroxyproline assay and SHG imaging highlight the potential benefit of using SHG microscopy as a less destructive method for measuring collagen content, particularly when relative changes are of interest. CARS images showed that lipid deposits were distributed equally throughout the disc and appeared either as individual droplets or as clusters of small droplets. In conclusion, this study provided a more comprehensive assessment of spatial variations in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal disc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial variation in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal intervertebral disc

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various forms of lipid deposition have been identified in tendon tissue. Fine droplet lipidosis, masked lipidosis (tendoatheromatosis) and other forms are common, as well as age-related alterations (23)(24)(25). We are of the opinion that many of these alterations belong to the process of aging and atherosclerosis, and have no true effect on the biomechanical behavior of tendons and thus are not predisposing factors for tendon rupture.…”

Section: Tendolipomatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological findings in spontaneous tendon ruptures

Józsa¹,

Kannus

1997

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A spontaneous rupture of a tendon may be definied as a rupture that occurs during movement and activity, that should not and usually does not damage the involved musculotendinous units (1). Spontaneous tendon ruptures were uncommon before the 1950s. Böhler found only 25 Achilles tendon ruptures in Wien between 1925 and 1948 (2). Mösender & Klatnek treated 20 Achilles tendon ruptures between 1953 and 1956, but 105 ruptures between 1964 and 1967 (3). Lawrence et al. found only 31 Achilles tendon ruptures in Boston during a period of 55 years (1900‐1954) (4). During the recent decades tendon ruptures have, however, become relatively common in developed countries, especially in Europe and North America. A high incidence of tendon ruptures has been reported in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA; somewhat lower incidences have been reported in Canada, France, Great Britain and Spain. On the other hand, Greece, Japan, the Netherlands and Portugal have reported a clearly lower incidence. Interestingly, Achilles tendon ruptures are a rarity in developing countries, ecpecially in Africa and East‐Asia (5). In many developed countries, the increases in the rupture incidence have been dramatic. In the National Institute of Traumatology in Budapest, Hungary, the number of patients with an Achilles tendon rupture increased 285% in men and 500% in women between two successive 7‐year periods, 1972‐1978 and 1979–1985(5).

show abstract

“…Retained free cholesterol disrupts cell function via its effect on the cell membrane fluidity; however, this effect can be mitigated by converting cholesterol to the biologically inert esterified cholesterol . For as yet unexplained reasons, cholesterol retention appears to be accelerated in tendon tissue . This is shown by post‐mortem tissue analysis of elderly individuals where cholesterol content is 3‐fold higher in tendon compared with other tissues, with the difference primarily due to increased quantities of esterified cholesterol .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 For as yet unexplained reasons, cholesterol retention appears to be accelerated in tendon tissue. 18 This is shown by post-mortem tissue analysis of elderly individuals where cholesterol content is 3-fold higher in tendon compared with other tissues, with the difference primarily due to increased quantities of esterified cholesterol. 19 Furthermore, an elevated proportion of esterified cholesterol is seen in biopsies from painful tendon biopsies compared to control biopsies, which demonstrates the clinical relevance of accelerated cholesterol deposition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Apolipoprotein A1 distribution pattern in the human Achilles tendon

Gaida

Alfredson

Scott

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic factors such as cholesterol appear to play an important role in the development of Achilles tendinopathy. There is, however, no morphologic proof explaining the link between high cholesterol and tendinopathy. As apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) is essential for reverse cholesterol transport, it may be related to cholesterol overload in tendon. Nothing is known about Apo-A1 expression in tendon tissue. We examined the distribution of Apo-A1 protein in biopsies from normal and tendinopathy-affected human Achilles tendons, and APOA1 mRNA production from cultured human hamstring tenocytes. Specific immunoreactions for Apo-A1 were detected. The tenocytes showed specific Apo-A1 immunoreactions. These reactions were usually distinct in the tendinopathy specimens. While the tendinopathy specimens often showed granular/small deposit reactions, the slender tenocytes of control specimens did not show this pattern. The magnitude of Apo-A1 immunoreactivity was especially marked in the tendinopathy specimens, as there is a high number of tenocytes. Reactions were also seen in the walls of blood vessels located within the tendon tissue proper of both the normal and tendinopathy tendons and within the peritendinous/fatty tissue of the tendinopathy tendons. The reactions were predominantly in the form of deposit reactions within the smooth muscle layer of the vessel walls. Cultured hamstring tenocytes produced APOA1 mRNA. We demonstrated the presence of Apo-A1 in human tendon tissue. This suggests there may be a link between Achilles tendinopathy and cholesterol metabolism. We hypothesize that Apo-A1 may be important for tenocyte and blood vessel function within tendons.

show abstract

Lipid in the Achilles' tendon

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Radial variation in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal intervertebral disc

Radial variation in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal intervertebral disc

Histopathological findings in spontaneous tendon ruptures

Apolipoprotein A1 distribution pattern in the human Achilles tendon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About