Lipid Hydroperoxide Stimulates Leukocyte–Endothelium Interaction in the Retinal Microcirculation

Tamai, Kazushi; Matsubara, Akiko; Tomida, Kazuyuki; Matsuda, Yoshito; Morita, Hiroshi; Armstrong, Donald; Ogura, Yuichiro

doi:10.1006/exer.2002.1178

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These examinations showed reduced responses in patients with larger venular calibers. These observations corroborate findings from experimental studies, which demonstrated an increase in the diameter of retinal venules, but not arterioles, after administration of lipid hydroperoxide into the vitreous of rats with a resultant increase in the number of leukocytes in the retinal microvasculature [61]. Dilatation of retinal venules has been postulated to be a result of increased production of nitric oxide secondary to release of inflammatory mediators [60].…”

Section: Determinants Of Retinal Vascular Caliberssupporting

confidence: 79%

Retinal Vascular Caliber Measurements: Clinical Significance, Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Ikram¹,

Ong

Cheung³

et al. 2012

Ophthalmologica

181

187

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The retinal vasculature provides a unique window to assess vascular health noninvasively and directly in vivo. Advances in fundus photography and retinal image analysis techniques have enabled the objective and accurate assessment of quantitative retinal vascular caliber measurement. Over the last decade, large population-based studies have shown that retinal vascular calibers are associated with a wide range of subclinical (e.g. atherosclerosis, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction) and clinical cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, kidney and heart diseases). However, while retinal image analysis provided exciting possibilities to study the pathogenesis of these diseases, its direct applicability in a clinical setting as a ‘test' to predict cardiovascular diseases is yet to be established, particularly within the context of being used as a population screening tool. Nevertheless, with continual development of retinal imaging techniques and newer understanding of the clinical significance of these retinal changes, there remains scope for the development of retinal vascular caliber measurements as a biomarker for vascular disease risk assessment in targeted areas and patient subgroups (e.g. patients with diabetes, suspected hypertension and stroke).

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Section: Determinants Of Retinal Vascular Caliberssupporting

confidence: 79%

Retinal Vascular Caliber Measurements: Clinical Significance, Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Ikram¹,

Ong

Cheung³

et al. 2012

Ophthalmologica

181

187

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“…6,9 The mechanisms underlying wider retinal arterioles with diabetes are uncertain, but multiple aetiologies have been suggested, including impaired autoreguation of small vessels caused by hyperglycaemia and hypoxia. 21,22 Other pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the association between wider retinal venules and diabetic retinopathy have previously shown in experimental studies, such as inflammation associated with wider retinal venules in both humans 23 and animals, 24 partly reflecting increased nitrous oxide levels. 25 Ocular inflammation is one of pathogenic factors in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Quantitative retinal vascular calibre changes in diabetes and retinopathy: the Singapore Malay eye study

Islam

Nguyen

Wang

et al. 2008

Eye

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Purpose To describe the relationship of retinal vascular calibre with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in an Asian population. Methods A total of 3280 (78.7% response) subjects, aged 40-80 years, of Malay ethnicity residing in Singapore participated in this population-based, cross-sectional study. Retinal vascular calibre was measured and summarized using a validated computer programme from digital retinal photographs. Diabetic retinopathy signs were graded from photographs using the modified Airlie House classification. Results Of the 3004 subjects with data for this analysis, 682 (22.7%) had diabetes, of whom 194 (28.4%) had retinopathy. After multivariable adjustment, retinal arteriolar calibre was significantly wider in persons with diabetes (141 vs 139 lm, Po0.001); venular calibre was not associated with diabetes (P ¼ 0.93). Among participants with diabetes, venular calibre increased from 218.7 lm in those without retinopathy to 231.1 lm in those with moderate and 231.4 lm in those with severe retinopathy (P for trend ¼ o0.001); arteriolar calibre was not associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusions This study shows wider retinal arterioles in diabetes and wider venules in those with diabetic retinopathy in an Asian population. These findings confirm earlier data on white population, supporting the concept that a quantitative assessment of retinal vasculature may provide further insights into early diabetic microvascular damage.

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“…Experiments have demonstrated that local inflammatory processes lead to wider retinal venular calibers. For example, administration of lipid hydroperoxide in the vitreous of rats leads to an increase in the retinal venular diameter (77). Similarly, administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin in human eyes has been reported to increase retinal venular diameter (78).…”

Section: Figure 1-prevalence Of Retinopathy In Nondiabetic Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Vascular Changes in Pre-Diabetes and Prehypertension

2007

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Lipid Hydroperoxide Stimulates Leukocyte–Endothelium Interaction in the Retinal Microcirculation

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Retinal Vascular Caliber Measurements: Clinical Significance, Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Retinal Vascular Caliber Measurements: Clinical Significance, Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Quantitative retinal vascular calibre changes in diabetes and retinopathy: the Singapore Malay eye study

Retinal Vascular Changes in Pre-Diabetes and Prehypertension

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