Lipid emulsions in the treatment of acute poisoning in the Clinic of Toxicology at the Naval Hospital-Varna, Military Medical Academy-Sofia

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Acute drug intoxications are a serious problem worldwide. The damage to the cardiovascular system is severe and sometimes refractory to standard resuscitation therapy. In recent years, interest has increased in the role of lipid emulsions (LEs) as a potential antidote in patients with severe myocardial damage caused by toxic doses of lipophilic drugs. AIMS: Clinical analysis of the cardioprotective effects of applied LEs at the Clinic of Toxicology at the Naval Hospital-Varna, Military Medical Academy-Sofia, as an antidote for the treatment of some acute poisoning with a cardiotoxic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subject of the study were 26 patients with acute cardiotoxic lipophilic drug intoxications treated with LEs at the Clinic of Toxicology at the Naval Hospital-Varna in the period 2016-2018. Illnesses and medications administered to patients are derived from the medical documentation. RESULTS: A three-year study was conducted in patients with acute exogenous intoxications treated with LEs at the Clinic of Toxicology at the Naval Hospital-Varna in regard to their demographics, concomitant diseases and prescribed treatment during their stay. Rapid recovery of patients' vital signs, short hospital stay and lack of adverse effects of LE administration were found. CONCLUSION: The good clinical results obtained by us will help the implementation of LE in a number of lipophilic intoxications causing toxic cardiovascular damages, including those with hemodynamic instability.