Lipid Composition of the Digestive Gland, Mantle and Stomach Fluid of the Gonatid Squid Berryteuthis anonychus

Abstract

The lipid content and class composition of the digestive gland, mantle and stomach fluid of the gonatid squid Berryteuthis anonychus collected in the North Pacific are described. The digestive glands contained large amounts of lipids (20.0 35.6%), which comprised mainly triacylglycerols (TAG: 57.1 77.3%) and diacyl glyceryl ethers (DAGE: 12.914.6%). The mantles contained the least amounts of lipids (1.3 1.4%), which comprised phospholipids (76.2 79.4%), TAG (0.1%) and trace amounts of DAGE. The stomach fluids contained low amounts of lipids (4.5%), which comprised wax esters (75.2%), TAG (4.7%) and DAGE (0.9%). The main components of the alkyl chains in DAGE from the digestive glands were 16:0 (50.7 57.3%), 20:1n-11 (6.2 8.0%), 16:1n-7 (3.7 7.1%) and 18:0 (2.8 7.9%) alcohols. Component fatty alcohols originating in wax esters from the stomach fluids were rich in monoenes (90.9%), including 22:1n-11 (45.3%) and 20:1n-11 (15.3%) alcohols. The fatty acid compositions of DAGE and TAG in the digestive glands, of phospholipids in the mantles, and of wax esters and TAG in the stomach fluids are also discussed.

Characteristic of lipids and fatty acid compositions of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii

“…These micronekton species characteristically have high levels of these long-chain MUFA [30][31][32] ; in particular, the prey lipids also characteristically has high levels of 20:1n-11 and 22:1n-11. Storage lipids of O. bartramii liver, which contained the highest levels of 20:1n-11 (5.2-10.1％) and 22:1n-11 (4.3-9.5％) , were most influenced by these prey lipids (3.1-4.8％ for 20:1n-11 and 1.0-23.5％ for 22:1n-11 in Table 8) , similar to those in other squids 14,15) . Compared with high levels (more than about 3％ of TFA) of various n-9 MUFA in common marine animals, only trace or non-detectable levels of 20:1n-11 were generally reported for other marine animals, such as fishes, mollusks, and crustaceans in many papers 1,9) .…”

“…Noticeable levels of sphigomyelin were found in the PC fractions. australis and M. robsoni 12) ; B. anonychus 14) ; B. magister 15) ; and D. gigas 13) . The significant levels of sphingolipids suggest the O. bartramii lipids is the good source for cosmetics [5][6][7][8] .…”

Characteristics of the lipid and fatty acid compositions of the Humboldt squid, Dosidicus gigas: The trophic relationship between the squid and its prey

“…The lipid compositions exhibited characteristic features of D. gigas , with all lipid class profiles obtained from all samples were similar to each other including for both sexes, in different months, and in different areas. The lipid class profiles of D. gigas are typical of cephalopodan species because of the similarity to those in other squids ( Moroteuthis ingens ; S. australis and M. robsoni ; B. anonychus ). The noticeable levels of sphingolipids in all organ PC suggest that the D. gigas lipids are good sources of ingredients for cosmetics .…”

“…Consequently, EPA and DHA are generally found as major concentrated components in tissue lipids of marine animals at the higher trophic levels, such as highly migratory fishes . For example, high levels of DHA in the phospholipids of D. gigas (21.7–22.6% for PE and 43.5–47.8% for PC) were observed similar to those in the two Berryteuthis squids (31.9% for PL of B. magister and 42.7% for PL of B. anonychus ). However, slight difference between D. gigas and the two Berryteuthis squids were also found.…”

“…), and the Humboldt squid (jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas ) in the Pacific Ocean, have been investigated. Only two reports have made a detailed analysis of the fatty acid composition of the lipid classes of the Berryteuthis squids ( Berryteuthis anonychus , and Berryteuthis magister ).…”