Lipid components of flax, perilla, and chia seeds

Abstract

Composition of fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, and TAGs in the lipids of flax, perilla, and chia seeds were investigated where lipid content was at 45, 40, and 35%, respectively. a-Linolenic acid (ALA) dominated among fatty acids in all oils and accounted for 58.2, 60.9, and 59.8% in flax, perilla, and chia, correspondingly in these three oils trilinolenin was the main TAG found at 19.7, 22.6, and 21.3%. Triunsaturated TAGs accounted for 77.9, 77.5, and 74.5% of the total amounts in flax, perilla, and chia oils. Contents of tocopherol were at 747 in flax, 734 in perilla, and 446 mg/kg in chia seed lipids. g-Tocopherol was the dominating isomer contributing 72.7% in flax, 94.3% in perilla, and 94.4% in chia to the total amount of tocopherols. Flaxseed lipids contained 25.6% of plastochromanol-8, derivative of g-tocotrienol with longer side chain; perilla and chia oils contained only 1.4% of it. Phytosterols were present at 4072, 4606, and 4132 mg/kg in those seeds, respectively. Among sterols, b-sitosterol dominated and was found at 35.6, 73.3, and 49.8% of the total amounts of sterols in flax, perilla, and chia seed lipids. All of the investigated oilseeds have an excellent nutritional quality and can be a potential source of nutraceutical fats which can enrich diet in linolenic acid and other functional components.

Commercial Cold Pressed Flaxseed Oils Quality and Oxidative Stability at the Beginning and the End of Their Shelf Life

“…Extremely different in the content of the sterol turned out to be sample no 1 and 3, and the difference between them was double Table 3 . The results of sterols analysis in our work are in accordance with results presented by Ciftci et al 35 . However, they are twice higher than those obtained by Czaplicki et al 7 .…”

Barriers to the release of flaxseed oil bodies and ways of overcoming them

“…They are principally in the form . This distribution is similar to those generally observed in the literature (Ciftci et al, 2012;Itoh et al, 1973;Schwartz et al, 2008). Similarly, the oil contained tocopherols, at a concentration of 36.29 mg/100 g of oil, almost all in the gamma form (97.75%), as it has ever been observed for other flaxseed varieties (Oomah et al, 1997;Schwartz et al, 2008).…”

Identification of a Pair of Phospholipid:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferases from Developing Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Seed Catalyzing the Selective Production of Trilinolenin

“…6). This result indicated that both LuPDAT1 and LuPDAT2 have the ability to synthesize trilinolenin, which is the major molecular species of TAG in flax oil (43). This experiment also suggested that these two PDATs might be selective for substrates containing ALA, or have a preference for utilizing exogenously imported acyl moieties into yeast.…”