Lipid classes, fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol molecular species of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Lipid classes, fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol molecular species of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Seed oils from five legume cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris, grown in Japan, were extracted and classified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) into seven fractions: hydrocarbons (HC; 0.7-1.4 wt-%), steryl esters (SE; 1.7-3.3 wt-%), triacylglycerols (TAG; 33.8-45.9 wt-%), free fatty acids (FFA; 0.6-1.5 wt-%), sn-1,3-diacylglycerols (1,3-DAG; 0.3-1.0 wt-%), sn-1,2-diacylglycerols (1,2-DAG; 0.4-1.2 wt-%) and phospholipids (PL; 49.4-58.8 wt-%). Fatty acids derivatized as methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and a flame ionization detector. Molecular species and the fatty acid distribution of TAG isolated from the total lipids in the beans were analyzed by a combination of argentation-TLC and GC. A modified argentation-TLC procedure, developed to optimize the separation of the complex mixture of total TAG, provided 18 different groups of TAG, based on both the degree of unsaturation and the total length of the three acyl chains of fatty acid groups. SDT (3.2-4.2 wt-%), M 2 T (3.8-5.0 wt-%), D 3 (4.8-5.9 wt-%), MDT (8.0-13.9 wt-%), D 2 T (12.5-15.8 wt-%), MT 2 (19.4-22.7 wt-%), DT 2 (17.8-23.5 wt-%) and T 3 (9.2-13.0 wt-%) were the main TAG components. The dominant fatty acids of TAG were a-linolenic (48.5-57.8 wt-%) and linoleic (16.7-25.8 wt-%) acids, with appreciable amounts of palmitic (8.3-13.2 wt-%) and oleic (7.8-13.8 wt-%) acids. The high content of a-linolenic acid in the cultivars of P. vulgaris could very likely play a beneficial role in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease among the large populations consuming them in Japan.

Characteristic profiles of lipid classes, fatty acids and triacylglycerol molecular species of peas (Pisum sativum L.)

“…1. These distribution patterns are in close agreement with the results reported previously for kidney beans [22]. These values may be due to the qualitative and quantitative differences of the TAG (Fig.…”

“…3, right). These profiles in the fatty acid distributions may be characteristics in typical vegetable seeds such as kidney beans [22] or peas [23].…”

Regiospecific distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols and phospholipids from broad beans (Vicia faba)

“…Generally, the percentages of palmitic (16:0) and oleic (18:1n-9) acids were higher (p ,0.05) in the PL whereas linoleic (18:2n-6) and a-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids were higher (p ,0.05) in the total lipids, as recently reported [13]. These fatty acid profiles are not similar to the results observed in typical vegetable seeds such as kidney beans [24] or peas [20], representing 37.8-48.6 or 7.9-3.8 wt-% of a-linolenic (18:3n-3) acid, respectively.…”

Vitamin and fatty acid contents in seeds of some taxa belonging to genusLathyrusL. growing in Turkey

“…They are termed essential fatty acids (EFA) and are converted to their respective long-chain polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFA) in vivo by an alterating sequence of desaturation and elongation (Brown, 2005). Recently, the scientific literature has drawn much attention to the heath benefits of ditary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids due to their theurapeutic and preventive effects on various diseases (Yoshida et al, 2005;Brown, 2005). In present study linoleic acid was predominant fatty acid.…”