Lipid Class and Phospholipid Compositions of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with Heat Pump-Decompression Hybrid Dryer and Hot Air Dryer

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of heat pump-decompression hybrid dryer (HD, 55 ± 1°C) and commercial hot air dryer (CD, 80 ± 2°C) on the lipid class, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. The results showed that the highest total lipids (4.38%), phospholipids (44.31%) and glycolipids (28.05%) were obtained in the hybrid dryer (HD) group sea cucumber. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the major phospholipids in both dried sea cucumber and the contents were 59.02%, 28.41% (HD) and 56.45%, 26.53% (CD) of total phospholipids (w/w), respectively. In both treatments, the major fatty acids of PE were 16:0, DMA 18:0, 18:0, 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of PE was 35.12% (HD dried sea cucumber), 26.60% (CD dried sea cucumber) higher than monounsaturated fatty acids 20.81% (HD dried sea cucumber), 19.86% (CD dried sea cucumber). In HD dried sea cucumber, PC contained much higher 20:4n-6 and EPA, but lower 18:1n-9 and 22:1n-9, compared with those of PI. The highest amount of branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found in HD dried sea cucumbers compared to CD dried sea cucumbers. Comparing the two methods, hybrid dryer is better in terms of total lipid content, phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of sea cucumber.