Lipid biomarkers and trophic linkages between phytoplankton, zooplankton and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) larvae in the NW Mediterranean

Rossi, Sergio; Sabatés, Ana; Latasa, Mikel; Reyes, Enrique

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi140

Cited by 100 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Equations calculated using common slopes and intercepts when no significant differences were found between months on biomolecule content (log ng larva -1 ) with organic matter (OM) (log OM ng larva -1 ) as a covariate (see Table 5 . Rossi et al (2006) found a very similar relationship in E. encrasicolus from the Mediterranean Sea (DW = 0.02e 0.30SL ). In other studies, power equations provided the best fit for the relationship between these 2 parameters (García et al 2003, Estensoro 2006.…”

Section: Ontogeny Of Biochemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Biochemical composition and condition in anchovy larvae Engraulis encrasicolus during growth

Dı́az¹,

Txurruka²,

Villate³

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Growth and condition of larval Engraulis encrasicolus larvae in the Bay of Biscay were analysed relative to their biochemical composition. Protein, carbohydrate, lipid, DNA and RNA contents of larvae were quantified during larval ontogeny to analyse changes associated with growth. Proteins were the main organic component of E. encrasicolus at every larval stage, followed by lipids and carbohydrates. The increase in relative protein content in terms of protein percentage (P%) and the decrease in lipid relative content (L%) of the total organic matter (OM) with size observed are consistent with the definition of Type 1 larvae. Protein relative content increased until the P% in larvae reached ~71%, whereas L% and carbohydrate relative content (CH%) declined, exhibiting minimum values of ~20, and ~6%, respectively. In general terms, the feeding condition of larvae, as defined by their RNA/DNA ratio, was good. Food did not seem to be a major factor limiting larval growth in the study area throughout late spring and early summer. The RNA/DNA ratio was size-related and increased during larval growth up to an asymptotic optimal value of ~3.6 in postflexion larvae in relative protein content, in terms of protein percentage (P%). The 'actual' RNA/DNA ratios found in a given larval population when compared with the 'starving' RNA/DNA ratio, and using an 'absolutely optimal' value as complementary information, could be used to determine the overall status of the population. Parental effect of low egg quality is a possible explanation of delayed ontogenetical development of larvae from July 2000.

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Section: Ontogeny Of Biochemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Biochemical composition and condition in anchovy larvae Engraulis encrasicolus during growth

Dı́az¹,

Txurruka²,

Villate³

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Indeed, the Alboran Sea, the Gulf of Lion and the nearby Catalan Sea, the Adriatic Sea and the North Aegean Sea are known as successful spawning grounds and areas of high yield of small pelagic fish, mainly anchovy and sardine (Stergiou et al, 1997;Agostini and Bakun, 2002;Palomera et al, 2007). In these areas, the larvae of small pelagic fish feed mainly on copepods and other mesozooplankters, as mentioned in the previous chapter, but ciliates and flagellates have also been found to contribute to their diet (Rossi et al, 2006). New production also occurs at the DCM (with frequent presence of diatoms) close to the nutricline over a broad time interval, but its overall weight on the production of the basin is poorly quantified.…”

Section: Planktonic Food Webs In the Mediterranean Epipelagosmentioning

confidence: 95%

Plankton in the open Mediterranean Sea: a review

et al. 2010

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Abstract. We present an overview of the plankton studies conducted during the last 25 years in the epipelagic offshore waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This quasi-enclosed sea is characterized by a rich and complex physical dynamics with distinctive traits, especially in regard to the thermohaline circulation. Recent investigations have basically confirmed the long-recognised oligotrophic nature of this sea, which increases along both the west-east and the north-south directions. Nutrient availability is low, especially for phosphorous (N:P up to 60), though this limitation may be buffered by inputs from highly populated coasts and from the atmosphere. Phytoplankton biomass, as chl a, generally displays low values (less than 0.2 µg chl a l −1 ) over large areas, with a modest late winter increase. A large bloom (up to 3 µg l −1 ) is observed throughout the late winter and spring exclusively in the NW area. Relatively high biomass values are recorded in fronts and cyclonic gyres. A deep chlorophyll maximum is a permanent feature for the whole basin, except during the late winter mixing. It is found at increasingly greater depths ranging from 30 m in the Alboran Sea to 120 m in the easternmost Levantine basin. Primary production reveals a west-east decreasing trend and ranges between 59 and 150 g C m −2 y −1 (in situ measurements). Overall, the basin is largely dominated by small autotrophs, microheterotrophs and egg-carrying copepod species. The microorganisms (phytoplankton, viruses, bacteria, flagellates and ciliates) and zooplankton components reveal a considerable diversity and

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“…Fatty acids have often been broadly used as biomarkers in trophic transfer studies in aquatic food webs (e.g., [96][97][98]) and now they are being increasingly used for analysing terrestrial food webs as well [99]. Information provided by these markers may be used to delineate carbon cycling and transfer of material through food webs especially when analysed with multivariate statistics (see below).…”

Section: Molecular Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids in Marine Ecosystems

2013

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Lipids provide the densest form of energy in marine ecosystems. They are also a solvent and absorption carrier for organic contaminants and thus can be drivers of pollutant bioaccumulation. Among the lipids, certain essential fatty acids and sterols are considered to be important determinants of ecosystem health and stability. Fatty acids and sterols are also susceptible to oxidative damage leading to cytotoxicity and a decrease in membrane fluidity. The physical characteristics of biological membranes can be defended from the influence of changing temperature, pressure, or lipid peroxidation by altering the fatty acid and sterol composition of the lipid bilayer. Marine lipids are also a valuable tool to measure inputs, cycling, and loss of materials. Their heterogeneous nature makes them versatile biomarkers that are widely used in marine trophic studies, often with the help of multivariate statistics, to delineate carbon cycling and transfer of materials. Principal components analysis has a strong following as it permits data reduction and an objective interpretation of results, but several more sophisticated multivariate analyses which are more quantitative are emerging too. Integrating stable isotope and lipid data can facilitate the interpretation of both data sets and can provide a quantitative estimate of transfer across trophic levels.

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Lipid biomarkers and trophic linkages between phytoplankton, zooplankton and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) larvae in the NW Mediterranean

Cited by 100 publications

References 52 publications

Biochemical composition and condition in anchovy larvae Engraulis encrasicolus during growth

Biochemical composition and condition in anchovy larvae Engraulis encrasicolus during growth

Plankton in the open Mediterranean Sea: a review

Lipids in Marine Ecosystems

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