Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Indigenous and Caucasian Young Males Living in the Magadan Region

Averyanova, I. V.; Maksimov, A. L.; Borisenko, Nikolay

doi:10.17238/issn2308-3174.2016.2.5

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our data indicate that chromium deficiency constitutes a prerequisite for type 2 diabetes, which is generally consistent with the high frequency of fasting hyperglycemia in young males under study (over 25% in the sample) [2]. The nutrition analysis demonstrated no significant differences in the copper amount between the groups; a deficiency in this micronutrient was observed in 68% of young Caucasian males and 56% of indigenous men.…”

Section: Micronutrients In the Dietsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This coincides with the previously obtained results on the carbohydrate metabolism analysis for young residents in Magadan Oblast, whose blood glucose closely approached the upper limit of the reference range for normoglycemia and varied from 5.4 to 5.6 mmol/L. At the same time, in over 25% of young people under study, glucose exceeded the reference range, which undoubtedly constituted a prerequisite and a risk for developing hyperglycemic conditions at older age [2]. Notably, the values of carbohydrate metabolism observed in young males of Magadan Oblast do not agree with those of the European North, where, on the contrary, the tendency to develop hypoglycemic conditions was revealed both in newcomers and long-term residents of the North.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Carbohydrate Metabolism, Pancreas Functional Activity And Diet In Young Residents Of Two Ethnic Groups In The North

Averyanova

2022

Russ Open Med J

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The objective of this study was to analyze the type and balance of the diet, examine the hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in order to identify the etiology of hyperglycemic manifestations in young people of two ethnic groups residing in the territory of Magadan Oblast. Methods — Blood serum carbohydrate parameters were measured using the ion-exchange chromatography, enzymatically enhanced chemiluminescence, and the hexokinase method. Results — We established that the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index did not exceed the reference limits, which implied that the examined young men of two ethnic groups had no insulin resistance. The indigenous subjects demonstrated statistically significantly higher values of glycosylated hemoglobin, closely approaching the upper limit of the reference range. The blood insulin level in examined young men was lowered towards the lower limit of the reference range. Against the background of detected hyperglycemic manifestations in young men of two studied groups in Magadan Oblast, their dietary intake was characterized by insufficiency and imbalance in both micronutrient and macronutrient compositions. It was established that the observed diet contained an excessive amount of mono- and disaccharides in 49% of Caucasians and 72% of natives, which was 52% and 108% higher, respectively, compared with the reference range against the pronounced deficiency of chromium, copper, and vitamin D. Conclusion — The results indicated an unbalanced diet with excessive intake of mono- and disaccharides, along with reduced insulin secretion and increased glycosylated hemoglobin, which was more pronounced in the indigenous group, probably causing hyperglycemic manifestations in the carbohydrate metabolism observed in young residents of Magadan Oblast.

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Section: Micronutrients In the Dietsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Carbohydrate Metabolism, Pancreas Functional Activity And Diet In Young Residents Of Two Ethnic Groups In The North

Averyanova

2022

Russ Open Med J

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“…On the contrary, the Glu level decreases and the content of fatty acids, especially PUFAs, increases (Boyko, 2005; Lyudinina et al, 2014; Sevostyanova, 2013; Young et al, 1995). Such specific features of metabolism appear to reflect adaptations among the indigenous inhabitants of the North, however the local Caucasoid population, when living in the Arctic for several generations, also develops similar adaptive traits (Averyanova et al, 2016; Boyko, 2005; Sevostyanova, 2013; Tretyakova et al, 2018). Additionally, the latitude effect was observed for a number of indicators: the higher the latitude and the harsher the living conditions were, the more pronounced were the changes (Boyko, 2005; Solonin, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diet begins to include more and more highly processed food high in simple sugars, saturated fats and salt, and low in protein and fiber (Kolesnikova et al, 2013; Lavigne‐Robichaud et al, 2018). This results in an imbalance of metabolic processes, including elevated Glu levels (Averyanova et al, 2016; Redwood et al, 2010; Sevostyanova, 2013), and, as a consequence, a rising prevalence of obesity, IR, DM, and cardiovascular diseases (Johnson‐Down et al, 2015; Kolesnikova et al, 2013; Redwood et al, 2010; Sorensen et al, 2005), which are common age‐related diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abbreviations: AR, Arctic region; SR, Subarctic region. (Averyanova et al, 2016;Redwood et al, 2010;Sevostyanova, 2013), and, as a consequence, a rising prevalence of obesity, IR, DM, and cardiovascular diseases (Johnson-Down et al, 2015;Kolesnikova et al, 2013;Redwood et al, 2010;Sorensen et al, 2005), which are common age-related diseases. The regional differences in PUFAs content in the examined women are most likely conditioned by differences in consumption of these FAs with food, since the sources of SFAs and MUFAs can be both dietary and endogenic, yet the sources of PUFAs are always dietary (Imamura et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age‐related features of the content of substrates of energy metabolism and body mass index in women residing in the Subarctic and Arctic regions of Russia

Власова

Bichkaev

Nesterova

et al. 2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives Age is associated with a number of health risks linked to obesity caused by an imbalance in the main energy substrates—fatty acids (FA) and glucose (Glu). Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify age‐related features of the metabolism of fatty acids and Glu, their correlations and the relation with the body mass index (BMI) in women of the local Caucasoid population from two northern regions of Russia with different nature, climate, and geography. Methods We examined women aged 21–60 years born and permanently residing in the Subarctic region (SR) and the Arctic region (AR). The participants were divided into three age groups: 21–35, 36–45, and 46–60 years. The levels of FAs, Glu, and triglycerides (TG) in the blood serum were determined by spectrophotometric and gas chromatographic methods; the values of BMI and TyG (triglyceride glucose) index were calculated. To analyze data, we used the descriptive and correlation analyses by nonparametric methods, as well as multiple linear regression analysis. Results With age, the surveyed women demonstrated elevated levels of triglyceride, the majority of the studied fatty acids, BMI and TyG index. For three fatty acids, age‐related changes were noted in one of the regions only: stearic and linoleic acids in the SR, and docosahexaenoic acid in the AR; no significant changes were observed for dihomo‐γ‐linolenic and arachidonic acids. We found elevated Glu levels in women aged 46–60 years residing in the SR. Regional differences were due to higher concentrations of FAs and Glu in the AR. All identified correlations were positive. BMI values were associated with FAs and TG, and in women aged 46–60 years, they were additionally associated with Glu. The latter also correlated with some FAs and TG in this group. TyG index associations with saturated FAs (SFAs) became stronger with age. Conclusions Age has a significant impact on the homeostasis of key energy substrates (Glu, TG, SFAs, monounsaturated FAs), on BMI and TyG index, which are indicators of obesity and insulin resistance. Depending on the region of residence (Subarctic or Arctic), we found changes in the FA profile undersaturation (especially long‐chain polyunsaturated FAs) and some specific features of Glu homeostasis (for the age groups of 21–35 and 46–60 years) in women of Caucasoid race in the Russian North. Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI, as well as the region of residence and age, are significant predictors for almost all biochemical parameters, especially for TG and TyG index.

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Individually typological characteristics of functional cardiac hemodynamic parameters in young men born in North-East Russia

Гречкина¹

2019

Profil. med.

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Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Indigenous and Caucasian Young Males Living in the Magadan Region

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Carbohydrate Metabolism, Pancreas Functional Activity And Diet In Young Residents Of Two Ethnic Groups In The North

Carbohydrate Metabolism, Pancreas Functional Activity And Diet In Young Residents Of Two Ethnic Groups In The North

Age‐related features of the content of substrates of energy metabolism and body mass index in women residing in the Subarctic and Arctic regions of Russia

Individually typological characteristics of functional cardiac hemodynamic parameters in young men born in North-East Russia

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