Lipase/Esterase: Properties and Industrial Applications

Abstract

Lipases and esterases are both versatile biocatalysts that catalyse and accelerate the hydrolysis of ester-linked compounds. Lipases preferentially catalyse hydrolysis of water-insoluble esters such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) whereas esterases hydrolyse water-soluble esters or shortchain fatty acid TAG. Their high selectivity with broad substrate range makes these biocatalysts an ideal catalyst for organic synthesis in comparison to conventional chemical catalysts. The present monograph covers topics such as the original sources and classification of lipases and esterases, their respective catalytic properties as well as their substrate selectivity. Moreover, the potential applications of these enzymes with reference to food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries in recent years are discussed extensively in this article.

Effects of cholinium‐based ionic liquids on Aspergillus niger lipase: Stabilizers or inhibitors

“…This phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of the cholinium cation, a hydroxylated ion that mimics the hydrogen bonding functionality of water molecules and helps the enzyme return to its flexible, active conformation . As the majority of the lipases have a “lid” on their surface and their activity is predominantly controlled by the lid domain and dependent on the solvent environment, the cholinium cation can dramatically influence the enzyme behavior.…”

“…3.1.1.3) are one of the most important enzymes used at the industrial level . These enzymes have a wide range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries, as they are applied, for example, in biological degradation and biodiesel production . In human health, lipases are important in the digestion, transport, and processing of dietary lipids …”

“…Lipases are biocatalysts belonging to the structural family of α/β‐hydrolases, and they are classified as glycerol ester hydrolases . Their natural function is the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols at an oil–water interface, a phenomenon known as interfacial activation .…”

Avanços em caracterização bioquímica de lipases microbianas: uma revisão

“…Como soluções são apontadas a engenharia genética e o desenho racional de lipases, sendo que esta última ainda permanece em grande parte inexplorada, mas tem a capacidade para melhorar a termoestabilidade enzimática de lipases, aumentar sua tolerância aos solventes e aumentar sua eficiência catalítica. Ademais, se mostra necessário elucidar o mecanismo de reação, regulação e controle da atividade catalítica das lipases para atender às necessidades futuras e atingir o nível previsto de demanda comercial (Javed et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2016;Priji et al, 2016;Lai et al, 2019).…”

Pectin methylesterase inactivation by High Pressure Carbon Dioxide (HPCD)

“…Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Esterases are key enzymes for the food industry, since they hydrolyze water soluble esters or short-chain fatty acid triacylglycerols (TAG) [1]. More specifically pectin methyl esterases (PME; EC code 3.1.1.11) cause pectin demethylation, which produces the clarification and turbidity loss of juices [2].…”