Linum usitatissimum oil Fraction Reverse Cardiac Remodeling at Molecular level: Suppressing miRNA-29b and miRNA 1 genes in Isoproterenol In vivo Model

Abstract

Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed) produce one of the oldest commercial oils which use traditionally as a functional food for lowering cholesterol level. Nevertheless, to date, there is no scientific evidence to assess the role of flaxseed oil in cardiac remodeling management. The study aimed to clarifying the underlying mechanism of standardized oil to restore cardiac remodeling in a heart toxicity rat model induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Oil fraction was purified, and major components were identified by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vivo tests were conducted by ISO (85 mg/kg/ twice subcutaneously) with 24 hours between each dose. The rats were treated with flaxseed oil fraction (100 mg/kg orally) and the same dose was used for omega 3 as a positive control group. GC- MS revealed that α-linolenic acid (24.6%), oleic acid (10.5%), 6-octadecenoic acid (Z), 2,3 dihydroxypropyl ester (9.0%), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl elaidate (7.0%), n-propyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (6.0%) are the major components. After 4 weeks of oil uptake, the results revealed an improvement in cardiac function, a decrease in apoptosis, and simultaneous prevention of myocardial fibrosis. The levels of BNP, NT-pro-BNP, endothelin-1, Lp-PLA2, and MMP2, and cTnI and cTn were significantly decreased, and a higher plasma level of Topo 2B was observed, moreover, miRNA − 1 and 29b were downregulated. Current evidence provide insight into the mechanism of flaxseed oil to restore cardiac remodeling, which supports its future application as cardioprotective against heart diseases.