Links Between Stress, Sleep, and Inflammation: Are there Sex Differences?

Dolsen, Michael R.; Crosswell, Alexandra D.; Prather, Aric A.

doi:10.1007/s11920-019-0993-4

Cited by 76 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Previous studies have found sex differences in relation to insomnia and inflammation (Dolsen, Crosswell, & Prather, 2019), with some evidence for the association in men, but not in women (Jackowska, Kumari, & Steptoe, 2013; Laugsand, Vatten, Bjorngaard, Hveem, & Janszky, 2012; Liukkonen et al., 2007). Our results differ from these earlier findings, but are in agreement with other observational studies in which sleep disturbances were associated with higher levels of CRP in women (Prather, Epel, Cohen, Neylan, & Whooley, 2013; Suarez, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between sleep characteristics and markers of inflammation in Swedish women from the general population

Ghilotti

Bellocco

Lagerros

et al. 2020

Journal of Sleep Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between sleep characteristics and markers of inflammation in Swedish women from the general population

Ghilotti

Bellocco

Lagerros

et al. 2020

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…HUA is just one of many conditions that have observable sex differences, as differing pathologies based on sex have been observed in a variety of fields [14][15][16][17] including cardiovascular [18][19][20][21], neurological [22][23][24][25], immunological [26][27][28], and renal diseases [29][30][31][32][33]. The architecture of the female kidney is likely distinct from that of the male kidney [34], given women have a lower blood pressure than men [35], women are less likely to develop acute kidney injury than men [36,37], women demonstrate improved tolerance to renal ischemia [38,39], and women are protected from renal and cardiovascular disease before menopause as compared to men [40,41].…”

Section: Urate As a Risk Factor In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Urate Handling

Kuhns

Woodward

2020

IJMS

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Hyperuricemia, or elevated serum urate, causes urate kidney stones and gout and also increases the incidence of many other conditions including renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. As we gain mechanistic insight into how urate contributes to human disease, a clear sex difference has emerged in the physiological regulation of urate homeostasis. This review summarizes our current understanding of urate as a disease risk factor and how being of the female sex appears protective. Further, we review the mechanisms of renal handling of urate and the significant contributions from powerful genome-wide association studies of serum urate. We also explore the role of sex in the regulation of specific renal urate transporters and the power of new animal models of hyperuricemia to inform on the role of sex and hyperuricemia in disease pathogenesis. Finally, we advocate the use of sex differences in urate handling as a potent tool in gaining a further understanding of physiological regulation of urate homeostasis and for presenting new avenues for treating the constellation of urate related pathologies.

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“…Internet addiction, obesity, physical inactivity, stress, alcohol, the opioid epidemic, night work, incorrect lifestyle habits such as eating late, exercising late, and/or an irregular/ imbalanced lifestyle as well as living on the western edge of a time zone, all can disrupt sleep homeostasis [3,79,93,[113][114][115][116][117]. In most instances, the relationship is bidirectional [32,85,93,114,115,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124]. One of the main obstacles to early bedtimes are electronic devices and social media [116,125].…”

Section: Contributing Epidemiologic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Association of Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome

Smiley¹,

Wolter²,

Nissan³

2019

J Med - Clin Res & Rev

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There is a U-shaped association between sleep duration and risk of metabolic syndrome. The related mechanisms can be grouped into two categories: I. Too little slow-wave sleep; II. Too much REM sleep. Too little slow-wave sleep. 1) Stage 3 is the most crucial sleep stage because growth hormone (GH) and GH releasing hormone (GHRH) are released during this stage. They induce fat burning, bone building, and general repair and regeneration. The greater the volume of GH and GHRH released, the more restorative the sleep. The longest part of stage 3 in sleep takes place before midnight. Delayed sleep onset until midnight or later, would suppress the largest GH pulse. 2) Sleep restriction induces high levels of ghrelin and low levels of leptin. Ghrelin stimulates appetite whereas leptin does the reverse. 3) Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are significantly increased in chronic sleep insufficiency and are also associated with insulin resistance in males with chronic sleep insufficiency. 4) Sleep insufficiency increases sympathetic activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines, both of which increase insulin resistance. 5) Accumulations of extracellular β amyloid protein plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles in brain tissues start immediately after one night of sleep insufficiency. These plaques and tangles are neurotoxins that potentiate each other's destructive effects on the structures and functions of brain cells and cause neuronal death. The consequence is a global decrease in cognition and decision making, manifested in increased consumption of fatty foods and unhealthy snacks in late sleepers. 6) High levels of β amyloid and proteins might lead to sleep fragmentation, worsening of sleep quality and daytime somnolence. Concentration will be more difficult, and performance will be reduced. 7) Astrocytes are special giant cells in brain interstitial fluids that play a major role in β amyloid and tau cleanup. Their activity is increased by growth hormone. As a result, slow-wave sleep insufficiency may lead to impaired peripheral clearance of β amyloid and tau proteins predisposing the brain to Alzheimer's disease. Too much REM sleep. 1) The REM stage is the dreaming stage. The level of cortisol starts to rise in the middle of night based on circadian rhythm, and peaks in the morning. Cortisol is the fight or flight hormone, equipping the individual both to meet the demands of daily life and to handle stressful situations. It stimulates the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones increase heart rate and blood pressure as they prepare the body to initiate activity quickly. These reactions occur on top of heart rate variability and a rise in blood pressure induced by REM sleep. If the individual wakes up early in the morning, he will use the cortisol properly to prepare for the new day. If instead he or she remains asleep, there will be no physical activity, and the cortisol levels that are normal for a person who is awake will be high levels for the one who is asleep. Then, the sleeper m...

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Links Between Stress, Sleep, and Inflammation: Are there Sex Differences?

Cited by 76 publications

References 46 publications

Relationship between sleep characteristics and markers of inflammation in Swedish women from the general population

Relationship between sleep characteristics and markers of inflammation in Swedish women from the general population

Sex Differences in Urate Handling

Mechanisms of Association of Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome

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