Linking the Tropical Northern Hemisphere Pattern to the Pacific Warm Blob and Atlantic Cold Blob

Liang, Yiqing; Yu, Jin‐Yi; Saltzman, E. S.; Wang, Fan

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-17-0149.1

Cited by 54 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, we found lower Sabine's gull survival with higher TNH indices, opposite to what we predicted, because high TNH usually is associated with cooler sea surface temperature conditions in the Pacific (Barnston et al 1991), which should mean higher marine productivity (e.g., Hays et al 2005). However, recent findings suggest that high, positive TNH is associated with stronger development of warm Pacific Blob conditions in the northeastern Pacific (Liang et al 2017), in the staging and migratory route of Sabine's gulls in our study. The late arrival at the colony and belowaverage reproductive effort (clutch size) and hatching success in 2009 (Mallory et al 2012) would be consistent with this interpretation.…”

Section: Effects Of Climate On Survivalcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Correlating tropical climate with survival of an Arctic-breeding, trans-equatorial migrant seabird

Fife

Davis²,

Robertson

et al. 2018

Arctic Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extreme climate can negatively affect survival through increased physiological demands or by reducing prey availability. This can have significant population-level consequences for organisms with low reproductive rates, such as seabirds. As an Arctic-breeding trans-equatorial migrant, Sabine’s gull (Xema sabini) is exposed to a profound variety of climate regimes during the year. Therefore, its annual survival may be affected by broad-scale teleconnection patterns that influence regional climate variability. We used Program MARK to estimate apparent survival and resighting probabilities from 2007 to 2013 for adult Sabine’s gulls breeding at a High Arctic colony. We then combined capture–mark–recapture data for the High Arctic colony with those previously published from a Low Arctic colony (1998–2002) to examine influences of climate variability on survival. Mean ± standard error apparent survival estimated for the High Arctic colony was 0.90 ± 0.03, similar to that previously reported for the Low Arctic colony. We found a negative relationship between survival and the Tropical/Northern Hemisphere pattern, an atmospheric mode that is associated with the Pacific jet stream. Our study suggests that although Sabine’s gull survival was generally high and relatively constant over time, adult mortality may increase during years of extreme climate events in regions far beyond their Arctic breeding grounds.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Climate On Survivalcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Correlating tropical climate with survival of an Arctic-breeding, trans-equatorial migrant seabird

Fife

Davis²,

Robertson

et al. 2018

Arctic Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spatially averaged values computed using turbulent flux data from ERA‐Interim instead suggest that almost all of the warming was driven by anomalous sensible and latent heat fluxes and that the total oceanic flux was not discernibly different than average (Table S1). By explicitly quantifying which surface fluxes contributed to the warming, this analysis expands upon previous findings that identified reduced surface heat loss and horizontal advection as key to the occurrence of the Blob (Bond et al, ; Liang et al, ).…”

Section: Energy Budget Of the Blobmentioning

confidence: 73%

Cloud Feedback Key to Marine Heatwave off Baja California

Myers

Mechoso

Cesana

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Between 2013 and 2015, the northeast Pacific Ocean experienced the warmest surface temperature anomalies in the modern observational record. This "marine heatwave" marked a shift of Pacific decadal variability to its warm phase and was linked to significant impacts on marine species as well as exceptionally arid conditions in western North America. Here we show that the subtropical signature of this warming, off Baja California, was associated with a record deficit in the spatial coverage of co-located marine boundary layer clouds. This deficit coincided with a large increase in downwelling solar radiation that dominated the anomalous energy budget of the upper ocean, resulting in record-breaking warm sea surface temperature anomalies. Our observation-based analysis suggests that a positive cloud-surface temperature feedback was key to the extreme intensity of the heatwave. The results demonstrate the extent to which boundary layer clouds can contribute to regional variations in climate. Plain Language SummaryThe northeast Pacific Ocean experienced a "marine heatwave" between 2013 and 2015. This was characterized by the highest surface temperatures ever recorded in a vast swath of the ocean from near the Gulf of Alaska to off the coast of Baja California. The unprecedented warming event was linked to significant impacts on marine life and a severe drought in western North America. We analyze satellite data to show that the heatwave was associated with a record decrease in the typically high cloudiness over an area of the Pacific off Baja California that is roughly half the size of the contiguous United States. Such a deficit in cloud cover coincided with a large increase in the amount of sunlight absorbed by the ocean surface, resulting in extremely warm temperatures. Our findings suggest that a reinforcing interaction (or positive feedback) between clouds and ocean surface temperature can strongly contribute to significant and difficult-to-predict changes in marine climate.

show abstract

“…The extrapolation of TA onto a global grid is also well established (Gruber et al, 1996;Millero et al, 1998;Lee et al, 2006;Takahashi and Sutherland, 2013;Good et al, 2013;Carton et al, 2018;Bittig et al, 2018). The highly linear relationship between salinity and TA means that linear regressions have been able for quite some time to estimate TA with adequate accuracy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded data set of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification

Gregor¹,

Gruber²

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Ocean acidification has altered the ocean's carbonate chemistry profoundly since preindustrial times, with potentially serious consequences for marine life. Yet, no long-term global observation-based data set exists that permits to study changes in ocean acidification for all carbonate system parameters over the last few decades. Here, we fill this gap and present a methodologically consistent global data set of all relevant surface ocean parameters, i.e., dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), pH, and the saturation state with respect to mineral CaCO3 (Ω) at monthly resolution over the period 1985 through 2018 at a spatial resolution of 1 × 1°. This data set, named OceanSODA-ETHZ, was created by extrapolating in time and space the surface ocean observations of pCO2 (from the Surface Ocean CO2 ATlas (SOCAT)) and total alkalinity (TA, from the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP)) using the newly developed Geospatial Random Cluster Ensemble Regression (GRaCER) method. This method is based on a two-step (cluster-regression) approach, but extends it by considering an ensemble of such cluster-regressions, leading to higher robustness. Surface ocean DIC, pH, and Ω were then computed from the globally mapped pCO2 and TA using the thermodynamic equations of the carbonate system. For the open ocean, the cluster regression method estimates pCO2 and TA with global near-zero biases and root mean squared errors of 12 µatm and 13 µmol kg−1, respectively. Taking into account also the measurement and representation errors, the total error increases to 14 µatm and 21 µmol kg−1, respectively. We assess the fidelity of the computed parameters by comparing them to direct observations from GLODAP, finding surface ocean pH and DIC global biases of near zero, and root mean squared errors of 0.023 and 16 µmol kg−1, respectively. These errors are very comparable to those expected by propagating the total errors from pCO2 and TA through the thermodynamic computations, indicating a robust and conservative assessment of the errors. We illustrate the potential of this new dataset by analyzing the climatological mean seasonal cycles of the different parameters of the surface ocean carbonate system, highlighting their commonalities and differences. The OceanSODA-ETHZ data can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.25921/m5wx-ja34 (Gregor and Gruber, 2020).

show abstract

Linking the Tropical Northern Hemisphere Pattern to the Pacific Warm Blob and Atlantic Cold Blob

Cited by 54 publications

References 53 publications

Correlating tropical climate with survival of an Arctic-breeding, trans-equatorial migrant seabird

Correlating tropical climate with survival of an Arctic-breeding, trans-equatorial migrant seabird

Cloud Feedback Key to Marine Heatwave off Baja California

OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded data set of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About